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Heterogeneous flow inside threads of low viscosity fluids leads to anomalous long filament lifetimes.

ABSTRACT: Formation and breakup of fluid threads is pervasive in nature and technology, where high extensibility of fluid filaments and extended filament lifetimes are commonly observed as a consequence of fluid viscoelasticity. In contrast, threads of low viscous Newtonian fluids like water rupture quickly. Here, we demonstrate that a unique banding instability during filament thinning of model surfactant solutions, with a viscosity close to water and no measurable elasticity, leads to extremely long filament lifetimes and to the formation of remarkably long threads. Complementary measurements in planar extension as well as in shear reveal that this flow instability is characterized by a multivalued stress, arising beyond a critical strain rate, irrespective of flow kinematics. Our work reports the first observation of such phenomena during extensional deformation and provides a unifying view on instabilities in complex flow fields.

SUBMITTER: Recktenwald SM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6506508 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heterogeneous flow inside threads of low viscosity fluids leads to anomalous long filament lifetimes.

Recktenwald Steffen M SM Haward Simon J SJ Shen Amy Q AQ Willenbacher Norbert N

Scientific reports 20190508 1

Formation and breakup of fluid threads is pervasive in nature and technology, where high extensibility of fluid filaments and extended filament lifetimes are commonly observed as a consequence of fluid viscoelasticity. In contrast, threads of low viscous Newtonian fluids like water rupture quickly. Here, we demonstrate that a unique banding instability during filament thinning of model surfactant solutions, with a viscosity close to water and no measurable elasticity, leads to extremely long fil ...[more]

PMID: 31068644

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Project description:The accurate viscosity measurement of complex fluids is essential for characterizing fluidic behaviors in blood vessels and in microfluidic channels of lab-on-a-chip devices. A microfluidic platform that accurately identifies biophysical properties of blood can be used as a promising tool for the early detections of cardiovascular and microcirculation diseases. In this study, a flow-switching phenomenon depending on hydrodynamic balancing in a microfluidic channel was adopted to conduct viscosity measurement of complex fluids with label-free operation. A microfluidic device for demonstrating this proposed method was designed to have two inlets for supplying the test and reference fluids, two side channels in parallel, and a junction channel connected to the midpoint of the two side channels. According to this proposed method, viscosities of various fluids with different phases (aqueous, oil, and blood) in relation to that of reference fluid were accurately determined by measuring the switching flow-rate ratio between the test and reference fluids, when a reverse flow of the test or reference fluid occurs in the junction channel. An analytical viscosity formula was derived to measure the viscosity of a test fluid in relation to that of the corresponding reference fluid using a discrete circuit model for the microfluidic device. The experimental analysis for evaluating the effects of various parameters on the performance of the proposed method revealed that the fluidic resistance ratio ( R J L / R L , fluidic resistance in the junction channel ( R J L ) to fluidic resistance in the side channel ( R L )) strongly affects the measurement accuracy. The microfluidic device with smaller R J L / R L values is helpful to measure accurately the viscosity of the test fluid. The proposed method accurately measured the viscosities of various fluids, including single-phase (Glycerin and plasma) and oil-water phase (oil vs. deionized water) fluids, compared with conventional methods. The proposed method was also successfully applied to measure viscosities of blood with varying hematocrits, chemically fixed RBCS, and channel sizes. Based on these experimental results, the proposed method can be effectively used to measure the viscosities of various fluids easily, without any fluorescent labeling and tedious calibration procedures.

Dataset Information

Heterogeneous flow inside threads of low viscosity fluids leads to anomalous long filament lifetimes.

Publications

Heterogeneous flow inside threads of low viscosity fluids leads to anomalous long filament lifetimes.

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