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Diverse contributions of MYC2 and EIN3 in the regulation of Arabidopsis jasmonate-responsive gene expression.

ABSTRACT: Derepression of transcription factors is the key mechanism for triggering plant jasmonate (JA) responses. Unlike regulating certain physiological functions for the majority of transcription factors in JA signaling, MYC2 and EIN3 control more diverse aspects. MYC2 predominantly participates in wounding response, metabolism, and root growth inhibition, while EIN3 (and its closest homolog EIL1) regulates defense gene expression and root hair development. Recently, it was reported that MYC2 and EIN3/EIL1 proteins mutually interact with each other and suppress their interaction partner's transcriptional activities. To understand their contributions in the modulation of transcriptomic network, we initially identified 1,495 differentially expressed jasmonate (JA)-responsive genes in wild-type Arabidopsis through RNA-seq analysis. Among them, 25% or 4.2% were independently regulated by EIN3/EIL1 or MYC2, respectively. Further analysis showed that EIN3/EIL1 and MYC2 interdependently regulate 16.3% of the JA-regulated transcriptome, including downregulation of three auxin-related genes, which might confer JA-inhibited root elongation. Lastly, we found that <30 genes were antagonistically regulated by MYC2 and EIN3/EIL1. We conclude that EIN3/EIL1 play a dominant role while MYC2 largely relies on EIN3/EIL1 for executing its transcriptional activity, either synergistically or antagonistically.

SUBMITTER: Zheng Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6508547 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diverse contributions of MYC2 and EIN3 in the regulation of Arabidopsis jasmonate-responsive gene expression.

Zheng Yuyu Y Lan Yiheng Y Shi Tieliu T Zhu Ziqiang Z

Plant direct 20171016 4

Derepression of transcription factors is the key mechanism for triggering plant jasmonate (JA) responses. Unlike regulating certain physiological functions for the majority of transcription factors in JA signaling, MYC2 and EIN3 control more diverse aspects. MYC2 predominantly participates in wounding response, metabolism, and root growth inhibition, while EIN3 (and its closest homolog EIL1) regulates defense gene expression and root hair development. Recently, it was reported that MYC2 and EIN3 ...[more]

PMID: 31245664

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Project description:BackgroundMYC2, a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain-containing transcription factor, participates in the jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway and is involved in the modulation of diverse JA functions. However, a comprehensive list of MYC2-dependent JA-responsive proteins has yet to be defined.ResultsIn this paper, we report the comparative proteomics of wild-type (WT) plants and jin1-9, a MYC2 mutant plant, in response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. Proteins from mock/MeJA-treated jin1-9 and WT samples were extracted and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Twenty-seven JA-mediated proteins demonstrated differential expression modulated by MYC2. We observed that MYC2 negatively regulates the accumulation of JA-dependent indolic glucosinolate-related proteins and exhibits opposite effects on the biosynthetic enzymes involved aliphatic glucosinolate pathways. In addition, proteins involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and a majority of the MeJA-inducible proteins that are involved in multiple protective systems against oxidative stress were reduced in jin1-9/myc2 sample compared to the WT sample. These results support a positive role for MYC2 in regulating JA-mediated carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative stress tolerance.ConclusionsWe have identified MYC2-dependent jasmonate-regulated proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana by performing two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analysis. The observed pattern of protein expression suggests that MYC2 has opposite effects on the biosynthetic enzymes of indolic and aliphatic glucosinolate pathways and positively regulates JA-mediated carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative stress tolerance-related proteins. Furthermore, it is very interesting to note that MYC2 plays opposite roles in the modulation of a subset of JA-regulated photosynthetic proteins during short-term and long-term JA signaling. This study will enhance our understanding of the function of MYC2 in JA signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Project description:BackgroundRNA-silencing is a conserved gene regulation and surveillance machinery, which in plants, is also used as major defence mechanism against viruses. Various virus-specific dsRNA structures are recognized by the silencing machinery leading to degradation of the viral RNAs or, as in case of begomoviruses, to methylation of their DNA genomes. Viruses produce specific RNA silencing suppressor (RSS) proteins to prevent these host defence mechanisms, and as these interfere with the silencing machinery they also disturb the endogenous silencing reactions. In this paper, we describe how expression of AC2 RSS, derived from African cassava mosaic geminivirus changes transcription profile in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves and in flowers.ResultsExpression of AC2 RSS in transgenic tobacco plants induced clear phenotypic changes both in leaves and in flowers. Transcriptomes of these plants were strongly altered, with total of 1118 and 251 differentially expressed genes in leaves and flowers, respectively. The three most up-regulated transcript groups were related to stress, cell wall modifications and signalling, whereas the three most down-regulated groups were related to translation, photosynthesis and transcription. It appears that many of the gene expression alterations appeared to be related to enhanced biosynthesis of jasmonate and ethylene, and consequent enhancement of the genes and pathways that are regulated by these hormones, or to the retrograde signalling caused by the reduced photosynthetic activity and sugar metabolism. Comparison of these results to a previous transcriptional profiling of HC-Pro RSS-expressing plants revealed that some of same genes were induced by both RSSs, but their expression levels were typically higher in AC2 than in HC-Pro RSS expressing plants. All in all, a large number of transcript alterations were found to be specific to each of the RSS expressing transgenic plants.ConclusionsAC2 RSS in transgenic tobacco plants interferes with the silencing machinery. It causes stress and defence reactions for instance via induction of the jasmonate and ethylene biosynthesis, and by consequent gene expression alteration regulated by these hormones. The changed sugar metabolism may cause significant down-regulation of genes encoding ribosomal proteins, thus reducing the general translation level.

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Diverse contributions of MYC2 and EIN3 in the regulation of Arabidopsis jasmonate-responsive gene expression.

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Diverse contributions of MYC2 and EIN3 in the regulation of Arabidopsis jasmonate-responsive gene expression.

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