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Ecotypic and genotypic effects on regrowth and heading date in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum).

ABSTRACT: Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a native perennial grass species with great potential for bioenergy and forage. However, knowledge about its genetics and biology related to breeding is still in its infancy. Studying the diversity of switchgrass germplasm will shed light on variability, response to environmental conditions, adaptability, breeding, etc. Thirty-six switchgrass accessions/cultivars were used to study the ecotypic and genotypic effects on regrowth, heading date, and vegetative growth period. The R-360 honeycomb design was used for planting these accessions in 2007. Data on regrowth and heading dates were recorded in 2008, 2010, and 2011. Vegetative growth period was calculated by subtracting the regrowth date from the heading date. It was found that the lowland started regrowing earlier (77 ± 0.4 days of the year, DOY) than the upland ecotype (82 ± 0.3 DOY). The upland had earlier heading date (160 ± 0.4 DOY) than the lowland ecotype (173 ± 0.5 DOY). Vegetative growth period was about 18 days longer in the lowland (89 ± 0.6 days) than the upland ecotype (71 ± 0.4 days). For switchgrass (i.e., all accessions), biomass yield was related positively to growth period and heading date; however, biomass was only weakly related to regrowth. Therefore, when targeting biomass in the breeding program, growth period may be a quick and reliable reference in both ecotypes to quickly estimate biomass potential while regrowth and heading date may be better used as a parameter for accessions within an ecotype.

SUBMITTER: Jiang Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6508767 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ecotypic and genotypic effects on regrowth and heading date in switchgrass (<i>Panicum virgatum</i>).

Jiang Qingzhen Q Webb Stephen L SL Bhandari Hem S HS Bouton Joe H JH Saha Malay C MC

Plant direct 20190110 1

Switchgrass (<i>Panicum virgatum</i> L.) is a native perennial grass species with great potential for bioenergy and forage. However, knowledge about its genetics and biology related to breeding is still in its infancy. Studying the diversity of switchgrass germplasm will shed light on variability, response to environmental conditions, adaptability, breeding, etc. Thirty-six switchgrass accessions/cultivars were used to study the ecotypic and genotypic effects on regrowth, heading date, and veget ...[more]

PMID: 31245753

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Project description:BackgroundGlobal warming predictions indicate that temperatures will increase by another 2-6°C by the end of this century. High temperature is a major abiotic stress limiting plant growth and productivity in many areas of the world. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a model herbaceous bioenergy crop, due to its rapid growth rate, reliable biomass yield, minimal requirements of water and nutrients, adaptability to grow on marginal lands and widespread distribution throughout North America. The effect of high temperature on switchgrass physiology, cell wall composition and biomass yields has been reported. However, there is void in the knowledge of the molecular responses to heat stress in switchgrass.ResultsWe conducted long-term heat stress treatment (38°/30°C, day/night, for 50 days) in the switchgrass cultivar Alamo. A significant decrease in the plant height and total biomass was evident in the heat stressed plants compared to controls. Total RNA from control and heat stress samples were used for transcriptome analysis with switchgrass Affymetrix genechips. Following normalization and pre-processing, 5365 probesets were identified as differentially expressed using a 2-fold cutoff. Of these, 2233 probesets (2000 switchgrass unigenes) were up-regulated, and 3132 probesets (2809 unigenes) were down-regulated. Differential expression of 42 randomly selected genes from this list was validated using RT-PCR. Rice orthologs were retrieved for 78.7% of the heat stress responsive switchgrass probesets. Gene ontology (GOs) enrichment analysis using AgriGO program showed that genes related to ATPase regulator, chaperone binding, and protein folding was significantly up-regulated. GOs associated with protein modification, transcription, phosphorus and nitrogen metabolic processes, were significantly down-regulated by heat stress.ConclusionsPlausible connections were identified between the identified GOs, physiological responses and heat response phenotype observed in switchgrass plants. Comparative transcriptome analysis in response to heat stress among four monocots - switchgrass, rice, wheat and maize identified 16 common genes, most of which were associated with protein refolding processes. These core genes will be valuable biomarkers for identifying heat sensitive plant germplasm since they are responsive to both short duration as well as chronic heat stress treatments, and are also expressed in different plant growth stages and tissue types.

Dataset Information

Ecotypic and genotypic effects on regrowth and heading date in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum).

Publications

Ecotypic and genotypic effects on regrowth and heading date in switchgrass (<i>Panicum virgatum</i>).

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