Dataset Information

Geographical variation in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome among US adolescents.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Among adolescents, obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) contribute to adult cardiovascular disease risk. By parent report, obesity prevalence in the USA was highest in the South. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and MetS by US division and region. METHODS:We used in-person assessment of 4600 US adolescents age 12-19 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2014. RESULTS:Prevalence of obesity was highest in the East North Central division (21.3%) and the three census divisions in the South (all >20%), compared with lower prevalence in the Mountain and New England divisions (both <15%). MetS was most prevalent in the two divisions in the Midwest (both >10%) and lowest in the Mountain and New England divisions (both <6%). For the amount of obesity in each division, there was a higher prevalence of MetS in the West North Central division (obesity 17.1%, MetS 13.6%) and lower prevalence in the East South Central (obesity 23.5%, MetS 6.6%) and South Atlantic divisions (obesity 20.4%, MetS 6.7%). CONCLUSIONS:The degree of obesity-related and MetS-related risk among adolescents in the Midwest is higher than suggested from previous parent-reported weight data. The Midwest and South may warrant particularly strong cardiovascular disease prevention efforts.

SUBMITTER: DeBoer MD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6513350 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Geographical variation in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome among US adolescents.

DeBoer M D MD Filipp S L SL Gurka M J MJ

Pediatric obesity 20181204 4

<h4>Background</h4>Among adolescents, obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) contribute to adult cardiovascular disease risk. By parent report, obesity prevalence in the USA was highest in the South.<h4>Objectives</h4>The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and MetS by US division and region.<h4>Methods</h4>We used in-person assessment of 4600 US adolescents age 12-19 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2014.<h4>Results</h ...[more]

PMID: 30515979

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Project description:BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) has contributed to a significant disease burden and economic loss worldwide. Given no gold standard for diagnosis, early identification of TB infection has been challenging. This study aimed to comparatively investigate the prevalence of TB across diagnostic approaches (sputum AFB, sputum culture, sputum genetic test, and chest x-ray) and geographical areas of Indonesia.MethodsParticipant demographic variables and TB screening test results were obtained from the Tuberculosis Unit, Health Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Health (HRDA-MoH). The prevalence of pulmonary TB in populations aged 15 years and over was calculated using TB cases as a numerator and populations aged 15 years and over as a denominator. Variations across geographical areas and diagnostic approaches were expressed as prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of 67,944 records were reviewed. Based on bacteriological evidence, the prevalence of TB per 100,000 in Indonesia was 759 (95% CI: 589.7-960.8) with variations across areas: 913 (95% CI 696.7-1,176.7; Sumatra), 593 (95% CI 447.2-770.6; Java-Bali), and 842 (95% CI 634.7-1,091.8; other islands). Also, the prevalence of TB varied across diagnostic approaches: 256.5 (sputum AFB), 545 (sputum culture), 752.2 (chest x-ray), and 894.9 (sputum genetic test). Based on sputum AFB, the TB prevalence varied from 216.6 (95% CI 146.5-286.8; Java-Bali), 259.9 (95% CI 184.2-335.6; other islands) to 307.4 (95% CI 208.3-406.5; Sumatra). Based on sputum culture, the TB prevalence ranged from 487.9 (95% CI 433.6-548.6; Java-Bali), 635.9 (95% CI 564.9-715.1; Sumatra), to 2,129.8 (95% CI 1,664.0-2,735.6; other islands). Based on chest x-ray, the TB prevalence varied from 152.1 (95% CI 147.9-156.3; Java-Bali), 159.2 (95% CI 154.1-164.3; Sumatra), to 864 (95% CI 809-921.4; other islands). Based on sputum genetic test, the TB prevalence ranged from 838.7 (95% CI 748.4-900.8; Java-Bali), 875 (95% CI 775.4-934.2; Sumatra), to 941.2 (95% CI 663.6-992.3; other islands).ConclusionsThe variation of TB prevalence across geographical regions could be confounded by the diagnostic approaches.Trial registrationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chulalongkorn University (IRB No. 684/63).

Dataset Information

Geographical variation in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome among US adolescents.

Publications

Geographical variation in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome among US adolescents.

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