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An Integrated Morphological and Molecular Approach to A New Species Description of Amphipods in the Niphargidae from Two Caves in West of Iran.

ABSTRACT: Mahmood Mamaghani-Shishvan, Somayeh Esmaeili-Rineh, and Cene Fišer (2017) The cave-dwelling fauna of Zagros region (Northern Iran) has been insuf ciently studied. Most of the known cave-specialized species (15 out of 21) belong to the genus Niphargus Schiödte, 1849, yet species composition of this genus is not resolved. In this research, we studied Niphargus specimens from two recently sampled caves, Shoei and Darvish-Olya Caves, from Kurdistan Province in Iran. The specimens belong to a single, yet undescribed species, which can be diagnosed using mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear sequences (28S rDNA gene sequences) as well as several morphological traits. Based on combined evidence from morphology and molecular characters, we described and named new species, N. kurdistanensis sp. nov.. The newly described species is phylogenetically nested within the clade comprising Iranian species. We provide a new and revised identification key for Niphargus from the Middle East region.

SUBMITTER: Mamaghani-Shishvan M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6517721 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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An Integrated Morphological and Molecular Approach to A New Species Description of Amphipods in the Niphargidae from Two Caves in West of Iran.

Mamaghani-Shishvan Mahmood M Esmaeili-Rineh Somayeh S Fišer Cene C

Zoological studies 20171102

Mahmood Mamaghani-Shishvan, Somayeh Esmaeili-Rineh, and Cene Fišer (2017) The cave-dwelling fauna of Zagros region (Northern Iran) has been insuf ciently studied. Most of the known cave-specialized species (15 out of 21) belong to the genus Niphargus Schiödte, 1849, yet species composition of this genus is not resolved. In this research, we studied Niphargus specimens from two recently sampled caves, Shoei and Darvish-Olya Caves, from Kurdistan Province in Iran. The specimen ...[more]

PMID: 31966232

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Project description:BackgroundGastrotricha systematics is in a state of flux mainly due to the conflicts between cladistic studies base on molecular markers and the classical systematisation based on morphological traits. In sandy samples from Thailand, we found numerous macrodasyidan gastrotrichs belonging to an undescribed species of difficult taxonomic affiliation. The abundance and original nature of the specimens prompted us to undertake a deep survey of both morphological and molecular traits aiming at a reliable systematisation of the new taxon.Methodology/principal findingsUsing several microscopical techniques we investigated the external and internal anatomy, including the muscular and nervous systems of the new species. Additional specimens were used to obtain the 18S rRNA gene sequence; molecular data was analysed cladistically in conjunction with data from additional species belonging to the near complete Macrodasyida taxonomic spectrum. Specimens are vermiform, up to 806 μm in total length, and show a well-defined head equipped with peculiar leaf-like sensorial organs and a single-lobed posterior end. The adhesive apparatus includes anterior, ventrolateral, dorsal and posterior tubes. Pharynx is about 1/4 of the total length and shows pores at its posterior 3/4. Adult specimens exhibit maturing eggs and a bulky, muscular caudal organ, but do not show sperm nor the frontal organ. Musculature and nervous system organisation resemble the usual macrodasyidan plan; however, the somatic circular muscles of the intestinal region surround all other muscular components and a third FMRFamide-IR commissure ventral to the pharyngo-intestinal junction appear to be an autoapomorphic traits of the new species.Conclusions/significanceWhile the anatomical characteristics of the Asian specimens appear so unique to grant the establishment of a new taxon, for which the name Thaidasys tongiorgii gen. et sp. nov. is proposed, the result of phylogenetic analyses based on the 18S rRNA gene unites the new genus with the family Macrodasyidae.

Dataset Information

An Integrated Morphological and Molecular Approach to A New Species Description of Amphipods in the Niphargidae from Two Caves in West of Iran.

Publications

An Integrated Morphological and Molecular Approach to A New Species Description of Amphipods in the Niphargidae from Two Caves in West of Iran.

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