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Socioeconomic gradients in chronic disease risk behaviors in a population-based study of older adults in rural South Africa.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To investigate the associations between household wealth, household consumption, and chronic disease risk behaviors among older adults in rural South Africa. METHODS:Data were from baseline assessments of 5059 adults aged???40 in the population-based "Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa" in 2015. Confounder-adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated for the associations between each of household wealth and household consumption quintiles with low moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), current smoking, frequent alcohol intake, and overweight/obese body mass index (BMI). RESULTS:Low MVPA and overweight/obese BMI were common (57% and 58%, respectively), and linearly increased in prevalence across household wealth quintiles. Low MVPA decreased and overweight/obese BMI increased in prevalence across household consumption quintiles. Smoking and frequent alcohol intake were rare (9% and 6%, respectively); they decreased in prevalence across wealth quintiles, but did not vary by consumption quintile. CONCLUSIONS:Chronic disease risk behaviors are socioeconomically graded among older, rural South African adults. The high prevalence of overweight and obesity in rural South Africa is a public health concern requiring urgent attention.

SUBMITTER: Kobayashi LC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6526046 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Socioeconomic gradients in chronic disease risk behaviors in a population-based study of older adults in rural South Africa.

Kobayashi Lindsay C LC Frank Sarah S Riumallo-Herl Carlos C Canning David D Berkman Lisa L

International journal of public health 20181122 1

<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate the associations between household wealth, household consumption, and chronic disease risk behaviors among older adults in rural South Africa.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were from baseline assessments of 5059 adults aged ≥ 40 in the population-based "Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa" in 2015. Confounder-adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated for the associations between each of household wealth and household co ...[more]

PMID: 30467577

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Little is known about social capital and health among older adults in South Africa. This study investigates the association between social capital and several health variables, namely: self-rated health, depressive symptoms, cognitive functioning and physical inactivity, among older South Africans. METHODS: We conducted a national population-based cross-sectional study with a national probability sample of 3840 individuals aged 50 years or older who participated in the Study of Global Ageing and Adults Health (SAGE wave 1) in 2008 in South Africa. Measures included socio-demographic characteristics, health variables, cognitive functioning and physical activity. Social capital was assessed with six components, namely: marital status, social action, sociability, trust and solidarity, safety, and civic engagement. RESULTS: The social capital assessment revealed that 56% of the respondents were married or cohabiting, 45% reported low (0) social action, 42% reported medium (2-3) sociability, 43% reported high (2) trust and solidarity, 50% reported high (2-4) civic engagement and 42% reported medium (6) psychological resources. In multivariate analysis, self-reported good health was associated with younger age, having secondary education and higher social capital (being married or cohabiting, high trust and solidarity and greater psychological resources). Depressive symptoms were associated with lower social capital (not being married or cohabiting, lack of high trust and solidarity and low psychological resources). Better cognitive functioning was associated with younger age, higher educational level, greater wealth and higher social capital (being married or cohabiting, high trust and solidarity, lack of safety, higher civic engagement and greater psychological resources). Physical inactivity was associated with older age and lower social capital (lower social action, lack of safety, lower civic engagement and poorer psychological resources). CONCLUSIONS: Given the basis of these findings on cross sectional data and subsequent limitation, it was found that these study findings mimic the findings of many European and American studies. Social capital among the elderly generation in South Africa is imperative for better health.

Dataset Information

Socioeconomic gradients in chronic disease risk behaviors in a population-based study of older adults in rural South Africa.

Publications

Socioeconomic gradients in chronic disease risk behaviors in a population-based study of older adults in rural South Africa.

Similar Datasets

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