Dataset Information

Study on stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) effect on grain filling and seed morphology building of special winter wheat germplasm Huixianhong.

ABSTRACT: Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is an airborne fungal disease which always destructs leaf and leads to stagnation of grain filling, decreasing of kernel weight, thin seed and yield loss. Winter wheat Huixianhong is a special germplasm with special characteristics of tolerance or resistance against stripe rust. In order to understand the effect on Huixianhong from stripe rust, we designed two kinds of treatment, inoculation of stripe rust fungi (IH) and artificial immune by bactericide (CK) to study the dynamic of disease process, the grain filling and the thousand-kernel weight (TKW). Our results showed that the incubation period of Hongxinahui was 13.5 days. The prevalence increased from 32.9% at 15 days after jointing to 80.0% at 9 days after booting, and reached to 97.0% at the heading stage. The infection type (IT) was 7 to 9 at the beginning of anthesis. The severity, leaf withered area ratio and disease index at the 15th day after anthesis were 67.17%, 98.17% and 0.6717, respectively. The IH maximum increasing rate of leaf necrosis and chlorosis area was from heading beginning stage to anthesis beginning stage, which increased from 18.66 mm2·d-1 to 21.04 mm2·d-1. The maximum rate of grain filling was 1.25 mg·d-1 at the 18th day after anthesis, which was earlier than that of CK by 3.3 days. The IH thousand-kernel weight Loss (TKWL) was more than that of CK by 6.19%, the stage of heading and amature were 3.0 days and 4.5 days earlier than CK, respectively. The stripe rust infection seriously destructed the photosynthetic function of leaf at the earlier stage of grain filling, i.e. at the beginning of anthesis, which led to the most important biomass loss and the grain filling rate decrease. As far as stripe rust is concerned, Huixianhong is a high susceptible, easily been infected, seriously showing symptoms and most quickly epidemic type but can successfully complete grain filling in high quality. It is a very useful germplasm for creating and selecting special breeding materials against stripe rust.

SUBMITTER: He C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6528950 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a costly global disease that burdens farmers with yield loss and high fungicide expenses. This sophisticated biotrophic parasite infiltrates wheat leaves and develops infection structures inside host cells, appropriating nutrients while suppressing the plant defense response. Development in most eukaryotes is regulated by small RNA molecules, and the success of host-induced gene silencing technology in Puccinia spp. implies the existence of a functional RNAi system. However, some fungi lack this capability, and small RNAs have not yet been reported in rust fungi. The objective of this study was to determine whether P. striiformis carries an endogenous small RNA repertoire.We extracted small RNA from rust-infected wheat flag leaves and performed high-throughput sequencing. Two wheat cultivars were analyzed: one is susceptible; the other displays partial high-temperature adult plant resistance. Fungal-specific reads were identified by mapping to the P. striiformis draft genome and removing reads present in uninfected control libraries. Sequencing and bioinformatics results were verified by RT-PCR. Like other RNAi-equipped fungi, P. striiformis produces large numbers of 20-22 nt sequences with a preference for uracil at the 5' position. Precise post-transcriptional processing and high accumulation of specific sRNA sequences were observed. Some predicted sRNA precursors possess a microRNA-like stem-loop secondary structure; others originate from much longer inverted repeats containing gene sequences. Finally, sRNA-target prediction algorithms were used to obtain a list of putative gene targets in both organisms. Predicted fungal target genes were enriched for kinases and small secreted proteins, while the list of wheat targets included homologs of known plant resistance genes.This work provides an inventory of small RNAs endogenous to an important plant pathogen, enabling further exploration of gene regulation on both sides of the host/parasite interaction. We conclude that small RNAs are likely to play a role in regulating the complex developmental processes involved in stripe rust pathogenicity.

Project description:Accurate severity assessment of wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is of great significance for phenotypic determination, prediction, and control of the disease. To achieve accurate severity assessment of the disease based on the actual percentages of lesion areas in the areas of the corresponding whole diseased leaves, two new methods were proposed for severity assessment of the disease. In the Adobe Photoshop 2022 software, the acquired images of single diseased leaves of each severity class of the disease were manually segmented, and the numbers of the leaf region pixels and lesion pixels of each diseased leaf were obtained by pixel statistics. After calculation of the actual percentages of lesion areas in the areas of the corresponding whole diseased leaves based on the obtained pixel numbers, the training sets and testing sets were constructed for each severity class by using the system sampling method with two sampling ratios of 4:1 and 3:2. Then the mean and standard deviation of the actual percentages of lesion areas contained in each training set were calculated, respectively. For each sampling ratio, two methods, one based on the midpoint value of the means of the actual percentages of lesion areas corresponding to two adjacent severity classes and the other based on the distribution range of most of the actual percentages of lesion areas, were used to determine the midpoint-of-two-adjacent-means-based actual percentage reference range and the 90%, 95%, and 99% reference ranges of the actual percentages of lesion areas for each severity class. According to the determined reference ranges, the severity of each diseased leaf in the training sets and testing sets was assessed. The results showed that high assessment accuracies (not lower than 85%) for the training sets and testing sets were achieved, demonstrating that the proposed methods could be used to conduct severity assessment of wheat stripe rust based on the actual percentages of lesion areas. This study provides a reference for accurate severity assessments of plant diseases.

Dataset Information

Study on stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) effect on grain filling and seed morphology building of special winter wheat germplasm Huixianhong.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets