Dataset Information

Factors associated with low birth weight in Afghanistan: a cross-sectional analysis of the demographic and health survey 2015.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) in Afghanistan.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

This study used data collected from the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey 2015.

Participants

Facility-based data from 2773 weighted live-born children enrolled by a two-stage sampling strategy were included in our analysis.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The primary outcome was LBW, defined as birth weight <2.5kg.

Results

Out of 2773 newborns, 15.5% (n=431) had LBW. Most of these newborns were females (58.3%, n=251), had a mother with no formal schooling (70.5%, n=304), lived in urban areas (63.4%, n=274) or lived in the Central region of Afghanistan (59.7%, n=257). In multivariable analysis, residence in Central (adjusted OR (AOR): 3.4; 95% CI 1.7 to 6.7), Central Western (AOR: 3.0; 95%?CI 1.5 to 5.8) and Southern Western (AOR: 4.0; 95%?CI 1.7 to 9.1) regions had positive association with LBW. On the other hand, male children (AOR: 0.5; 95%?CI 0.4 to 0.8), newborns with primary maternal education (AOR: 0.5; 95%?CI 0.3 to 0.8), birth interval ?48 months (AOR: 0.4; 95%?CI 0.1 to 0.8), belonging to the richest wealth quintile (AOR: 0.2; 95%?CI 0.1 to 0.6) and rural residence (AOR: 0.3; 95%?CI 0.2 to 0.6) had decreased odds of LBW.

Conclusions

Multiple factors had association with LBW in Afghanistan. Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health programmes should focus on enhancing maternal education and promoting birth spacing to prevent LBW. To reduce the overall burden of LBW, women of the poorest wealth quintiles, and residents of Central, Central Western and South Western regions should also be prioritised. Further exploration is needed to understand why urban areas are associated with higher likelihood of LBW. In addition, research using nationally representative samples are required.

SUBMITTER: Das Gupta R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6530387 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Factors associated with low birth weight in Afghanistan: a cross-sectional analysis of the demographic and health survey 2015.

Das Gupta Rajat R Swasey Krystal K Burrowes Vanessa V Hashan Mohammad Rashidul MR Al Kibria Gulam Muhammed GM

BMJ open 20190514 5

<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) in Afghanistan.<h4>Design</h4>Cross-sectional study.<h4>Setting</h4>This study used data collected from the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey 2015.<h4>Participants</h4>Facility-based data from 2773 weighted live-born children enrolled by a two-stage sampling strategy were included in our analysis.<h4>Primary and secondary outcome measures</h4>The primary outcome was LBW, defined as birth ...[more]

PMID: 31092648

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Project description:Background: Low birth weight (LBW) remains the global unfinished agenda in most countries of the world especially in low- and middle-income countries. LBW subsequently has harmful effects on the lifestyle, psychosocial and physiological development of the child. Although it is known that antenatal care (ANC) visits are important interventions contributing to prediction of newborn birth weight, little has been conducted on effect of ANC visits on birth weight in Rwanda. This study aimed at determining the association between regular ANC visits and risk of LBW among newborns in Rwanda. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted to analyse the effects of ANC on LBW using the 2014/2015 Rwanda Demographic Health Survey. Associations of socio-demographic, socio-economic, and individual factors of the mother with LBW newborns were performed using bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: Prevalence s of LBW and macrosomia were 5.8% and 17.6%, respectively. Newborns delivered from mothers attending fewer than four ANC visits were at almost three-times greater risk of having LBW [aOR=2.8; 95%CI (1.5-5.4), p=0.002] compared to those whose mothers attending four or more ANC visits. Residing in a rural area for pregnant women was significantly associated with LBW [aOR=1.1; 95%CI (0.7-1.6), p=0.008]. Maternal characteristics, such as anemia, predicted an increase in LBW [aOR=3.5; 95%CI (1.5-5.4),p<0.001]. Those who received no nutritional counseling [aOR=2.5; 95%CI (2-8.5), p<0.001] and who were not told about maternal complications [aOR=3.3; 95%CI (1.5-6.6), p=0.003] were more prone to deliver newborns with LBW than those who received them. Pregnant women who received iron and folic acid were less likely to have LBW newborns [aOR=0.5; 95%CI (0.3-0.9), p=0.015]. Conclusion: ANC visits significantly contributed to reducing the incidence of LBW. This study underscores the need for early, comprehensive, and high-quality ANC services to prevent LBW in Rwanda.

Project description:ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the spatial distribution, individual and community-level factors associated with low birth weight in Ethiopia.MethodSecondary data analysis was conducted using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data. A total of 2110 neonates were included in this study. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to assess the spatial clustering of LBW. Besides, the spatial scan statistics and ordinary kriging interpolation were done to detect the local level clusters and to assess predicted risk areas, respectively. Furthermore, a multilevel logistic regression model was fitted to determine individual and community-level factors associated with LBW. Finally, most likely clusters with log-likelihood ratio (LLR), relative risk and p value from spatial scan statistics and adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI for multilevel logistic regression model were reported.ResultsLBW was spatially clustered in Ethiopia. Primary (LLR=11.57; p=0.002) clusters were detected in the Amhara region. Neonates within this spatial window had a 2.66 times higher risk of being LBW babies as compared with those outside the window. Besides, secondary (LLR=11.4; p=0.003; LLR=10.14, p=0.0075) clusters were identified at southwest Oromia, north Oromia, south Afar and southeast Amhara regions. Neonates who were born from severely anaemic (AOR=1.40, 95% CI (1.03 to 2.15)), and uneducated (AOR=1.90, 95% CI (1.23 to 2.93)) mothers, those who were born before 37 weeks of gestation (AOR=5.97, 95% CI (3.26 to 10.95)) and women (AOR=1.41, 95% CI (1.05 to 1.89)), had significantly higher odds of being LBW babies.ConclusionThe high-risk areas of LBW were detected in Afar, Amhara and Oromia regions. Therefore, targeting the policy interventions in those hotspot areas and focusing on the improvement of maternal education, strengthening anaemia control programmes and elimination of modifiable causes of prematurity could be vital for reducing the LBW disparity in Ethiopia.

Dataset Information

Factors associated with low birth weight in Afghanistan: a cross-sectional analysis of the demographic and health survey 2015.

Objectives

Design

Setting

Participants

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Factors associated with low birth weight in Afghanistan: a cross-sectional analysis of the demographic and health survey 2015.

Similar Datasets

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