Dataset Information

Effects of systemic and neuraxial morphine on the immune system.

ABSTRACT: In the study, we tried to evaluate the effects of morphine injected through the systemic or neuraxial route on immune cell function and cytokine production in healthy women.In total, 29 paired samples of fresh peripheral blood were collected from healthy women who had been administered morphine for anesthetic analgesia through intravenous (IV), epidural, or spinal route postpartum. Their isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were mitogen-activated and stained with fluorochrome-conjugated anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-interleukin (IL)-2, and anti-interferon (IFN)-? antibodies for flow cytometry, and the plasma levels of cytokines, including IL-6, IFN-?2, IL-10, IL-8, GM-CSF, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, were measured through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The results demonstrated that regardless of the administration route, morphine delivery slightly reduced IL-2 expression in CD4 cells after activation, and the same effect was not noted for CD8 cells. Intravenous or epidural morphine tended to reduce IFN-? expression in CD8 cells. Spinal and IV morphine substantially increased IL-6 production, whereas epidural morphine hindered IL-10 and GM-CSF production. IV morphine injection reduced MCP-1 production in plasma. Compared with spinal morphine, IV or epidural morphine may more effectively inhibit the expression of various cytokines and thus affect immune response.All 3 routes of morphine injection tended to decrease IL-2 production by CD4 cells, whereas IV or epidural morphine injection showed lower IFN-? production by CD8 cells. However, additional large-scale studies with longer follow-up durations are warranted.

SUBMITTER: Chen SH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6531200 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Effects of systemic and neuraxial morphine on the immune system.

Chen Shih-Hong SH Chen Shiou-Sheng SS Wang Yi-Ping YP Chen Li-Kuei LK

Medicine 20190501 19

In the study, we tried to evaluate the effects of morphine injected through the systemic or neuraxial route on immune cell function and cytokine production in healthy women.In total, 29 paired samples of fresh peripheral blood were collected from healthy women who had been administered morphine for anesthetic analgesia through intravenous (IV), epidural, or spinal route postpartum. Their isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were mitogen-activated and stained with fluorochrome-conjugated a ...[more]

PMID: 31083166

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundOpioid abuse is among the most ubiquitous issues world-wide, and when it happens in mothers, it puts them at risk of diseases that can be transferred to the next generation. Previous studies have indicated that morphine addiction during pregnancy could inhibit development in rat embryos and infants. The present study focused on the effects of maternal consumption of morphine on rat skeletal system development and also investigate the molecular pathway of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of infants from control and addicted rat groups.MethodsThirty-two female rats were randomly assigned to four groups. The groups consisted of one- and seven-day-old female infants which were born of morphine-dependent mothers and a control group for each of them. Experimental groups received oral morphine at the final dose of 0.4 mg/ml/day. Withdrawal signs were confirmation of morphine dependency. Female rats were crossed with male rats and coupling time was recorded. Fixed bones of all groups were processed and then stained by hematoxyline-eosin method. Thickness and cell number of proximal and distal growth plate of bones were measured. The cartilage and bone cells were stained by alcian blue/alizarin red method. Additionally, the gene expression of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and COLL2 and SOX9 gene expression were studied immuno-histochemically.ResultsUnfavorable effects of morphine on histological measurements were observed in one-day and seven-day infants, with more effects on seven-day infants. The thickness and cell number of the proximal and distal growth plate of morphine-dependent rat offsprings were reduced significantly. Furthermore, morphine reduced growth of primary and secondary ossification centers, and thus, longitudinal bone growth was reduced. Moreover, a decrease in the alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, COLL2 and SOX9 gene expression, and the number of stained cells was observed. More adverse effects of morphine in seven-day infants compared to one-day infants which showed the time dependent of morphine to the time length of administration.ConclusionHistochemistry and immunohistochemistry findings on cartilage and bone matrix formation, as well as protein expression of chondrogenic and osteogenic markers suggest that morphine dependence in pregnant mothers may impair intra-cartilaginous osteogenesis in post-natal rats.

Project description:Several studies indicate that the immune system can be subjected to classical conditioning. Acute ethanol intoxication significantly modulates several pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. interleukins-1 and 6 [IL-1β and IL-6, respectively] and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα])) in several brain areas, including amygdala (AMG), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and hippocampus (HPC). It is unknown, however, whether cues associated with ethanol can elicit conditioned alterations in cytokine expression. The present study analyzed, in male Sprague-Dawley rats, whether ethanol-induced changes in the central cytokine response may be amenable to conditioning. In Experiments 1 and 2, the rats were given one or two pairings between a distinctive odor (conditional stimulus, CS) and the post-absorptive effects of a high (3.0 or 4.0 g/kg, Experiments 1 and 2, respectively) ethanol dose. Neither of these experiments revealed conditioning of IL-6, IL-1β, or TNFα, as measured via mRNA levels. Yet, re-exposure to the lemon-odor CS in Experiment 1 significantly increased C-Fos levels in the PVN. In Experiment 3, the rats were given four pairings between an odor CS and a moderate ethanol dose (2.0 g/kg), delivered intraperitoneally (i.p.) or intragastrically (i.g.). Re-exposure to the odor CS significantly increased IL-6 levels in HPC and AMG, an effect only evident in paired rats administered ethanol i.p. Overall, this study suggests that ethanol exposure can regulate the levels of IL-6 at HPC and AMG via classical conditioning mechanisms. These ethanol-induced, conditioned alterations in cytokine levels may ultimately affect the intake and motivational effects of ethanol. Impact statement This study examines, across three experiments, whether odor cues associated with ethanol exposure can condition changes in cytokine expression. The analysis of ethanol-induced conditioning of immune responses is a novel niche that can help understand the transition from social drinking to alcohol abuse and dependence. Ethanol-induced conditioning of the immune system could likely exacerbate neuroinflammation and drug-related toxicity, which in turn may facilitate further engagement in ethanol intake. The main new finding of the present study was that, after four pairings of ethanol's unconditioned effects and a distinctive odor, the latter CS increased IL-6 levels in HPC and AMG. This suggests that ethanol's effects upon IL-6 in HPC and AMG may come under conditioned control, particularly after repeated pairings between distinctive odor cues and ethanol's effects. This article advances our knowledge of conditioned increases in cytokine responses, which should help understand the mechanisms underlying alcohol use, abuse, and relapse.

Dataset Information

Effects of systemic and neuraxial morphine on the immune system.

Publications

Effects of systemic and neuraxial morphine on the immune system.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets