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Real microgravity condition promoted regeneration capacity of induced pluripotent stem cells during the TZ-1 space mission.

ABSTRACT: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are reprogrammed somatic cells that gained self-renewal and differentiation capacity similar to embryonic stem cells. Taking the precious opportunity of the TianZhou-1 spacecraft mission, we studied the effect of space microgravity (µg) on the self-renewal capacity of iPSCs. Murine iPSCs carrying pluripotency reporter Oct4-GFP were used. The Oct4-EGFP-iPSCs clones were loaded into the bioreactor and exposed to ?g in outer space for 14 days. The control experiment was performed in identical device but on the ground in earth gravity (1 g). iPSCs clones were compact and highly expressed Oct4 before launch. In ?g condition, cells in iPSC clones spread out more rapidly than those in ground 1 g condition during the first 3 days after launch. However, in 1 g condition, as the cell density increases, the Oct4-GFP signal dropped significantly during the following 3 days. Interestingly, in ?g condition, iPSCs originated from the spread-out clones during the first 3 days appeared to cluster together and reform colonies that activated strong Oct4 expression. On the other hand, iPSC clones in 1 g condition were not able to recover Oct4 expression after overgrown. Our study for the first time performed real-time imaging on the proliferation process of iPSCs in space and found that in ?g condition, cell behaviour appeared to be more dynamic than on the ground.

SUBMITTER: Zhou J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6536455 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Real microgravity condition promoted regeneration capacity of induced pluripotent stem cells during the TZ-1 space mission.

Zhou Jin J Dong Xiao-Hui XH Zhang Feng-Zhi FZ Zhu Hui-Min HM Hao Tong T Jiang Xiao-Xia XX Zheng Wei-Bo WB Zhang Tao T Wang Pei-Zhe PZ Li Hong H Na Jie J Wang Chang-Yong CY

Cell proliferation 20190206 3

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are reprogrammed somatic cells that gained self-renewal and differentiation capacity similar to embryonic stem cells. Taking the precious opportunity of the TianZhou-1 spacecraft mission, we studied the effect of space microgravity (µg) on the self-renewal capacity of iPSCs. Murine iPSCs carrying pluripotency reporter Oct4-GFP were used. The Oct4-EGFP-iPSCs clones were loaded into the bioreactor and exposed to μg in outer space for 14 days. The control expe ...[more]

PMID: 30724402

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Project description:BackgroundThe ExoMars 2016 mission, consisting of the Trace Gas Orbiter and the Schiaparelli lander, was launched on March 14 2016 from Baikonur, Kazakhstan and reached its destination in October 2016. The Schiaparelli lander was subject to strict requirements for microbial cleanliness according to the obligatory planetary protection policy. To reach the required cleanliness, the ExoMars 2016 flight hardware was assembled in a newly built, biocontrolled cleanroom complex at Thales Alenia Space in Turin, Italy. In this study, we performed microbiological surveys of the cleanroom facilities and the spacecraft hardware before and during the assembly, integration and testing (AIT) activities.MethodsBesides the European Space Agency (ESA) standard bioburden assay, that served as a proxy for the microbiological contamination in general, we performed various alternative cultivation assays and utilised molecular techniques, including quantitative PCR and next generation sequencing, to assess the absolute and relative abundance and broadest diversity of microorganisms and their signatures in the cleanroom and on the spacecraft hardware.ResultsOur results show that the bioburden, detected microbial contamination and microbial diversity decreased continuously after the cleanroom was decontaminated with more effective cleaning agents and during the ongoing AIT. The studied cleanrooms and change room were occupied by very distinct microbial communities: Overall, the change room harboured a higher number and diversity of microorganisms, including Propionibacterium, which was found to be significantly increased in the change room. In particular, the so called alternative cultivation assays proved important in detecting a broader cultivable diversity than covered by the standard bioburden assay and thus completed the picture on the cleanroom microbiota.ConclusionDuring the whole project, the bioburden stayed at acceptable level and did not raise any concern for the ExoMars 2016 mission. The cleanroom complex at Thales Alenia Space in Turin is an excellent example of how efficient microbiological control is performed.

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Real microgravity condition promoted regeneration capacity of induced pluripotent stem cells during the TZ-1 space mission.

Publications

Real microgravity condition promoted regeneration capacity of induced pluripotent stem cells during the TZ-1 space mission.

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