Dataset Information

Sarcopenia Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment Mainly Due to Slow Gait Speed: Results from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS).

ABSTRACT: Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment may share common risk factors and pathophysiological pathways. We examined the association between impairments in specific cognitive domains and sarcopenia (and its defining components) in community-dwelling older adults. We analyzed 1887 patients who underwent cognitive function tests and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry from the baseline data of adults aged 70-84 years obtained from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Those with disability in activities of daily living, dementia, severe cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, musculoskeletal complaints, neurological disorders, or who were illiterate were excluded. Cognitive function was assessed using the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Packet, the Frontal Assessment Battery. For sarcopenia, we used the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 9.6% for men and 7.6% for women. Sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR] 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-2.99) and slow gait speed (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.34-4.99) were associated with cognitive impairment in men. Only slow gait speed (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.05-3.36) was associated with cognitive impairment in women. Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment mainly due to slow gait speed. Our results suggested that cognitive impairment domains, such as processing speed and executive function, are associated with sarcopenia-related slow gait speed.

SUBMITTER: Kim M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6539557 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sarcopenia Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment Mainly Due to Slow Gait Speed: Results from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS).

Kim Miji M Won Chang Won CW

International journal of environmental research and public health 20190427 9

Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment may share common risk factors and pathophysiological pathways. We examined the association between impairments in specific cognitive domains and sarcopenia (and its defining components) in community-dwelling older adults. We analyzed 1887 patients who underwent cognitive function tests and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry from the baseline data of adults aged 70-84 years obtained from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Those with disability in activiti ...[more]

PMID: 31035553

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Project description:BackgroundSarcopenia is commonly observed in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, studies on the association between sarcopenia and atrial fibrillation and their causal relationships are limited. We performed cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to investigate the association between sarcopenia and atrial fibrillation among community-dwelling older adults.MethodsA total of 2225 participants from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) from 2016 to 2017 were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus. Atrial fibrillation was diagnosed on the basis of electrocardiographic findings. We investigated whether atrial fibrillation increased the risk of incident sarcopenia 2 years later and whether sarcopenia, in turn, increased the 2-year risk of developing atrial fibrillation using KFACS data from 2018 to 2019.ResultsOf the 2225 participants (54.2% women; mean age 76.0 ± 3.9 years), 509 (22.9%) had sarcopenia at baseline. In the cross-sectional analysis, sarcopenia was associated with atrial fibrillation after multivariate adjustment [odd ratio (OR), 2.127; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.240-3.648; P = 0.006]. Among the sarcopenia components, low physical performance was associated with atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.872; 95% CI, 1.123-3.120; P = 0.016). During the 2-year follow-up period, atrial fibrillation was not associated with new-onset of sarcopenia (OR, 1.483; 95% CI, 0.597-3.685; P = 0.396), and sarcopenia also did not significantly increase the risk of incident atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.120; 95% CI, 0.384-3.264; P = 0.836).ConclusionsAlthough we found a significant association between sarcopenia and atrial fibrillation in a cross-sectional analysis, we could not establish a causal relationship between the two based on 2 years of follow-up. Further research with long-term follow-up is required to identify causal relationship between atrial fibrillation and sarcopenia.

Project description:BackgroundThe Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) sought to identify cut points for muscle strength and body composition measures derived from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) that discriminate older adults with slow walking speed. This article presents the core analyses used to guide the SDOC position statements.DesignCross-sectional data analyses of pooled data.SettingUniversity-based research assessment centers.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling men (n = 13,652) and women: (n = 5,115) with information on lean mass by DXA, grip strength (GR), and walking speed.MeasurementsThirty-five candidate sarcopenia variables were entered into sex-stratified classification and regression tree (CART) models to agnostically choose variables and cut points that discriminate slow walkers (<0.80 m/s). Models with alternative walking speed outcomes were also evaluated (<0.60 and <1.0 m/s and walking speed treated continuously).ResultsCART models identified GR/body mass index (GRBMI) and GR/total body fat (GRTBF) as the primary discriminating variables for slowness in men and women, respectively. Men with GRBMI of 1.05 kg/kg/m2 or less were approximately four times more likely to be slow walkers than those with GRBMI of greater than 1.05 kg/kg/m2 . Women with GRTBF of less than 0.65 kg/kg were twice as likely to be slow walkers than women with GRTBF of 0.65 kg/kg or greater. Models with alternative walking speed outcomes selected only functions of GR as primary discriminators of slowness in both men and women. DXA-derived lean mass measures did not consistently discriminate slow walkers.ConclusionGR with and without adjustments for body size and composition consistently discriminated older adults with slowness. CART models did not select DXA-based lean mass as a primary discriminator of slowness. These results were presented to an SDOC Consensus Panel, who used them and other information to develop the SDOC Position Statements. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1419-1428, 2020.

Project description:BackgroundGait speed has been found to be associated with cognitive function. However, gait speed is an unspecific measure that may not be informative about gait patterns. The Walk ratio (step length divided by step frequency) can be measured without specialized equipment, and has been suggested as an indicator of central gait control. However, the association with cognitive function is unknown.Research questionIs there a relationship between Walk ratio and cognitive function, and gait speed and cognitive function?MethodsThis was a systematic literature review of studies where spatiotemporal gait parameters was reported in populations with cognitive impairment. The search was performed through PubMed, PEDro, AMED, Cochrane, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO. The studies had to contain either the Walk ratio, or report average step length and average step frequency. In the latter case, the average step length was divided by the average step frequency. The studies also had to report gait speed and the minimal mental state examination (MMSE). Studies testing patients on treadmills or that did not state the exclusion of patients with neurologic or orthopedic diseases, possible affecting gait ability, were excluded.ResultsA total of 24 studies were included, consisting of 909 patients with cognitive impairment and 4,108 healthy controls. The patient group had a lower Walk ratio (mean difference 0.07, p ≤ 0.001) and gait speed (mean difference 0.26, p ≤ 0.001) than the healthy controls. Using linear regression models, we found an association between the MMSE and the Walk ratio (R2 = 0.29, p < 0.001) and gait speed (R2 = 0.41, p < 0.001) in separate, unadjusted models. In a final model with Walk ratio, gait speed and age, Walk ratio was not significantly associated with MMSE, while gait speed was.SignificanceOur results suggest that preferred gait speed may be preferable to the Walk ratio when assessing older adults with cognitive impairment.

Dataset Information

Sarcopenia Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment Mainly Due to Slow Gait Speed: Results from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS).

Publications

Sarcopenia Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment Mainly Due to Slow Gait Speed: Results from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS).

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