Epigenetics in eating disorders: a systematic review.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Hubel C
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6544542 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Epigenetics in eating disorders: a systematic review.
Hübel Christopher C Marzi Sarah J SJ Breen Gerome G Bulik Cynthia M CM
Molecular psychiatry 20181023 6
Eating disorders are complex heritable conditions influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Given the progress of genomic discovery in anorexia nervosa, with the identification of the first genome-wide significant locus, as well as animated discussion of epigenetic mechanisms in linking environmental factors with disease onset, our goal was to conduct a systematic review of the current body of evidence on epigenetic factors in eating disorders to inform future directions in this area ...[more]
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Project description:The aim of this meta-analysis was to summarise data from neuropsychological studies on inhibitory control to general and disease-salient (i.e., food/eating, body/shape) stimuli in bulimic-type eating disorders (EDs). A systematic literature search was conducted to identify eligible experimental studies. The outcome measures studied included the performance on established inhibitory control tasks in bulimic-type EDs. Effect sizes (Hedges' g) were pooled using random-effects models. For inhibitory control to general stimuli, 24 studies were included with a total of 563 bulimic-type ED patients: 439 had bulimia nervosa (BN), 42 had anorexia nervosa of the binge/purge subtype (AN-b), and 82 had binge eating disorder (BED). With respect to inhibitory control to disease-salient stimuli, 12 studies were included, representing a total of 218 BN patients. A meta-analysis of these studies showed decreased inhibitory control to general stimuli in bulimic-type EDs (g?=?-0.32). Subgroup analysis revealed impairments with a large effect in the AN-b group (g?=?-0.91), impairments with a small effect in the BN group (g?=?-0.26), and a non-significant effect in the BED group (g?=?-0.16). Greater impairments in inhibitory control were observed in BN patients when confronted with disease-salient stimuli (food/eating: g?=?-0.67; body/shape: g?=?-0.61). In conclusion, bulimic-type EDs showed impairments in inhibitory control to general stimuli with a small effect size. There was a significantly larger impairment in inhibitory control to disease salient stimuli observed in BN patients, constituting a medium effect size.
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