Dataset Information

Molecular and morphological evidence for resistance to sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) in sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench].

ABSTRACT: Aphids are one of the devastating pests affecting the productivity of sorghum in many countries. The aim of the present investigation was to identify sweet sorghum genotypes resistant to the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner). A Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) marker linked to an aphid-resistance gene (RMES1) was first used to prescreen for resistant genotypes in 561 sorghum accessions. Molecular assays indicated that 91 sorghum accessions in the collection had the RMES1 resistance marker allele. Of those, 26 agronomically superior sweet sorghum accessions, along with three commercial cultivars and one susceptible check, were further evaluated in two locations (Antalya, a lowland province, and Konya, a highland province) under field conditions. These accessions were scored for resistance to aphid damage under natural aphid infestations. The number of aphids counted on the plant leaves and stalks in the accessions during the growing seasons was used to score resistant genotypes on a scale of 1-5, where 1 was highly resistant (plants having 0-50 aphids/plant) and 5 was highly sensitive (plants having 1000?+?aphids/plant). Fumagine intensity on the leaves was also taken into consideration. Ten accessions from the lowland and one accession from the highland scored "1," indicating a high resistance to aphid infestation. A further 13 accessions scored "1" or "2" in both environments. Only two accessions scored "4," and no accession scored "5," indicating the utility of the RMES1 marker for prescreening purposes. One accession, BSS507, showed outstanding resistance to M. sacchari, with a score of "1" in both environments.

SUBMITTER: Guden B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6546771 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular and morphological evidence for resistance to sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) in sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench].

Guden Birgul B Yol Engin E Ikten Cengiz C Erdurmus Cengiz C Uzun Bulent B

3 Biotech 20190603 6

Aphids are one of the devastating pests affecting the productivity of sorghum in many countries. The aim of the present investigation was to identify sweet sorghum genotypes resistant to the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner). A Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) marker linked to an aphid-resistance gene (RMES1) was first used to prescreen for resistant genotypes in 561 sorghum accessions. Molecular assays indicated that 91 sorghum accessions in the collect ...[more]

PMID: 31168438

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Project description:The sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) has emerged as a significant pest for sorghum. The use of sugarcane aphid-resistant sorghum germplasm with integrated pest management strategies appears to be an excellent solution to this problem. In this study, a resistant line (RTx2783) and a susceptible line (A/BCK60) were used to characterize the differences in plant responses to the sugarcane aphid through a series of experiments, which examined global sorghum gene expression, aphid feeding behavior and inheritance of aphid resistance. The global transcriptomic responses to sugarcane aphids in resistant and susceptible plants were identified using RNA-seq and compared to the expression profiles of uninfested plants at 5, 10, and 15 days post-infestation. The expression of genes from several functional categories were altered in aphid-infested susceptible plants, which included genes related to cell wall modification, photosynthesis and phytohormone biosynthesis. In the resistant line, only 31 genes were differentially expressed in the infested plants relative to uninfested plants over the same timecourse. However, network analysis of these transcriptomes identified a co-expression module where the expression of multiple sugar and starch associated genes were repressed in infested resistant plants at 5 and 10 days. Several nucleotide-binding-site, leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) and disease resistance genes similar to aphid resistance genes identified in other plants are identified in the current study which may be involved in sugarcane aphid resistance. The electrical penetration graph (EPG) results indicated that sugarcane aphid spent approximately twice as long in non-probing phase, and approximately a quarter of time in phloem ingestion phase on the resistant and F1 plants compared to susceptible plant. Additionally, network analysis identified a phloem protein 2 gene expressed in both susceptible and resistant plants early (day 5) of infestation, which may contribute to defense against aphid feeding within sieve elements. The resistant line RTx2783 displayed both antixenosis and antibiosis modes of resistance based on EPG and choice bioassays between susceptible, resistant and F1 plants. Aphid resistance from RTx2783 segregated as a single dominant locus in the F2 generation, which will enable breeders to rapidly develop sugarcane aphid-resistant hybrids using RTx2783 as the male parent.

Dataset Information

Molecular and morphological evidence for resistance to sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) in sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench].

Publications

Molecular and morphological evidence for resistance to sugarcane aphid (<i>Melanaphis sacchari</i>) in sweet sorghum [<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench].

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