Dataset Information

Sex education in Poland - a cross-sectional study evaluating over twenty thousand polish women's knowledge of reproductive health issues and contraceptive methods.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Reproductive health is a part of a comprehensive definition of complete physical, mental and social well-being. Sex education is an important aspect of public health. Ignorance, due to the lack of sex education leads to risky sexual behaviors.

Methods

Our cross-sectional study was aimed at investigating a representative group of Polish women's knowledge about the physiology of the menstrual cycle, contraceptive methods, infertility and cervical cancer prevention. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews and an anonymous electronic questionnaire.

Results

The study group involved 20,002 respondents. Most of the women were of reproductive age (mean 27.7), parous (60.8%), of higher education (71%) and living in large cities (>?500?k citizens, 36.8%). 62.2% of the women gave correct answers to at least 5 of 7 questions concerning the physiology of the menstrual cycle. Three factors had a significant influence on the number of correct answers: higher education (p =?0.0001), more frequent gynecological appointments (p =?0.0001) and living in a larger city (p =?0.002). Women of higher education level had more often used some form of contraceptive method previously (87% vs. 78.4%, p =?0.001), recommended natural family planning methods to their peers (18.4% vs. 15%, p =?0.001) and regularly attended gynecological appointments (85.7% vs. 78.8%, p =?0.001) when compared with those women with lower educational levels. The three most effective contraceptive methods identified by respondents were: oral contraceptives (71.1% answers), intrauterine devices (50.2%) and parenteral hormonal contraceptives (30.4%). The effectiveness of natural family planning was more often emphasized by women who had never used any contraceptives before (20.1% vs 6.7%). Most of the participants (80.8%) believed that in-vitro fertilization is an effective infertility treatment and should be reimbursed in Poland. Also, 95.2% of the respondents reported that they had undergone a Papanicolaou test within the past 3?years, but only 3% of these women were aware of all the risk factors for cervical cancer mentioned in our survey.

Conclusions

It is very important to improve comprehensive reproductive health education in Poland, especially among women of lower educational levels and living in small centers. In future, educational programs and gynecologists should focus on implementing and improving these aforementioned issues.

SUBMITTER: Warzecha D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6547576 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Sex education in Poland - a cross-sectional study evaluating over twenty thousand polish women's knowledge of reproductive health issues and contraceptive methods.

Warzecha Damian D Szymusik Iwona I Pietrzak Bronislawa B Kosinska-Kaczynska Katarzyna K Sierdzinski Janusz J Sochacki-Wojcicka Nicole N Wielgos Miroslaw M

BMC public health 20190603 1

<h4>Background</h4>Reproductive health is a part of a comprehensive definition of complete physical, mental and social well-being. Sex education is an important aspect of public health. Ignorance, due to the lack of sex education leads to risky sexual behaviors.<h4>Methods</h4>Our cross-sectional study was aimed at investigating a representative group of Polish women's knowledge about the physiology of the menstrual cycle, contraceptive methods, infertility and cervical cancer prevention. The da ...[more]

PMID: 31159803

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Project description:BackgroundWomen's education and empowerment are important predictors of contraceptive use across countries. However, two of the Indian states, namely, Punjab and Manipur, showed large variations in contraceptive use, despite the similar level of women's educational attainment and empowerment. Therefore, this paper attempts to understand variation in contraceptive use between these states, despite having similar level of educational attainment and empowerment among the married women.MethodsThis study primarily used cross-sectional data of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2015-16 and to some extent the District Level Household Survey (DLHS) 2012-13 data. The analytical sample includes 13,730 currently married women in Punjab and 8,872 in Manipur. Modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) is the key outcome variable of this study. Bivariate, multivariate, and multilevel regression analysis are applied to understand the differences in mCPR between these states and its determinants.ResultsMean years of schooling was about 8 years among women of both the states, and about 34% of the women in Punjab and 27% of the women in Manipur have high level of autonomy. Despite this, use of modern method was 66% in Punjab and only 13% in Manipur. Coverage of family planning program indicators were significantly lower in Manipur than Punjab - frontline workers' (FLWs) outreach for family planning was only 18% in Manipur compared to 52% in Punjab. Similarly, only 11% of the public health facilities in Manipur compared to 50% of the health facilities in Punjab were ready to provide at least one clinical method of family planning.ConclusionDespite the similar level of individual level characteristics across the two states, poor coverage of family planning programs - low outreach of FLWs, low level of facility readiness, as well as sociocultural norms discouraging contraceptive use - might be responsible for lower contraceptive use in Manipur than Punjab. This implies for strengthening the health system for family planning in Manipur to meet the contraception needs of women by addressing sociocultural barriers in the state.

Project description:ObjectivesAmong nationally representative cross-sections of women in need of contraception from Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire and Kenya, we aimed to: (1) examine the intersection of past-year physical/sexual intimate partner violence (IPV), emotional IPV and reproductive coercion (RC) and (2) assess the impact of physical/sexual IPV, emotional IPV and RC on women's contraceptive use outcomes, including current contraceptive use, method type and covert use.DesignThe present analysis uses cross-sectional female data collected in Burkina Faso (December 2020-March 2021), Côte d'Ivoire (October-November 2021) and Kenya (November-December 2020).SettingsBurkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire and Kenya PARTICIPANTS: Analytical samples were restricted to partnered women with contraceptive need who completed a violence module (Burkina Faso n=1863; Côte d'Ivoire n=1105; Kenya n=3390).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe exposures of interest-past-year emotional IPV, physical/sexual IPV and RC-were assessed using abridged versions of the Revised Conflict and Tactics Scale-2 and Reproductive Coercion Scale, respectively. Outcomes of interest included current contraceptive use, contraceptive method type (female controlled vs male compliant), and covert contraceptive use, and used standard assessments.ResultsAcross sites, 6.4% (Côte d'Ivoire) to 7.8% (Kenya) of women in need of contraception experienced RC; approximately one-third to one-half of women experiencing RC reported no other violence forms (31.7% in Burkina Faso to 45.8% in Côte d'Ivoire), whereas physical/sexual IPV largely occurred with emotional IPV. In multivariable models, RC was consistently associated with covert use (Burkina Faso: aOR 2.84 (95% CI 1.21 to 6.64); Côte d'Ivoire: aOR 4.45 (95% CI 1.76 to 11.25); Kenya: aOR 5.77 (95% CI 3.51 to 9.46)). Some IPV in some settings was also associated with covert use (emotional IPV, Burkina Faso: aOR 2.99 (95% CI 1.56 to 5.74); physical/sexual, Kenya: aOR 2.35 (95% CI 1.33 to 4.17)).ConclusionsAcross settings, covert use is a critical strategy for women experiencing RC. Country policies must recognise RC as a unique form of violence with profound implications for women's reproductive health.

Dataset Information

Sex education in Poland - a cross-sectional study evaluating over twenty thousand polish women's knowledge of reproductive health issues and contraceptive methods.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Sex education in Poland - a cross-sectional study evaluating over twenty thousand polish women's knowledge of reproductive health issues and contraceptive methods.

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