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?' formation kinetics and radiation induced segregation in neutron irradiated 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloys.

ABSTRACT: Nanostructured ferritic alloys are considered as candidates for structural components in advanced nuclear reactors due to a high density of nano-oxides (NOs) and ultrafine grain sizes. However, bimodal grain size distribution results in inhomogeneous NO distribution, or vice versa. Here, we report that density of NOs in small grains (<0.5?µm) is high while there are almost no NOs inside the large grains (>2?µm) before and after irradiation. After 6?dpa neutron irradiation at 385-430?°C, ?' precipitation has been observed in these alloys; however, their size and number densities vary considerably in small and large grains. In this study, we have investigated the precipitation kinetics of ?' particles based on the sink density, using both transmission electron microscopy and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. It has been found that in the presence of a low sink density, ?' particles form and grow faster due to the existence of a larger defect density in the matrix. On the other hand, while ?' particles form far away from the sink interface when the sink size is small, Cr starts to segregate at the sink interface with the increase in the sink size. Additionally, grain boundary characteristics are found to determine the radiation-induced segregation of Cr.

SUBMITTER: Aydogan E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6554406 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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α' formation kinetics and radiation induced segregation in neutron irradiated 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloys.

Aydogan E E Martinez E E March K K El-Atwani O O Krumwiede D L DL Hosemann P P Saleh T T Maloy S A SA

Scientific reports 20190606 1

Nanostructured ferritic alloys are considered as candidates for structural components in advanced nuclear reactors due to a high density of nano-oxides (NOs) and ultrafine grain sizes. However, bimodal grain size distribution results in inhomogeneous NO distribution, or vice versa. Here, we report that density of NOs in small grains (<0.5 µm) is high while there are almost no NOs inside the large grains (>2 µm) before and after irradiation. After 6 dpa neutron irradiation at 385-430 °C, α' preci ...[more]

PMID: 31171811

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Tissue response to irradiation is not easily recapitulated by cell culture studies. The objective of this investigation was to characterize, the transcriptional response and the onset of regenerative processes in mouse skin irradiated with different doses of fast neutrons. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To monitor general response to irradiation and individual animal to animal variation, we performed gene and protein expression analysis with both pooled and individual mouse samples. A high-throughput gene expression analysis, by DNA oligonucleotide microarray was done with three months old C57Bl/6 mice irradiated with 0.2 and 1 Gy of mono-energetic 14 MeV neutron compared to sham irradiated controls. The results on 440 irradiation modulated genes, partially validated by quantitative real time RT-PCR, showed a dose-dependent up-regulation of a sub-class of keratin and keratin associated proteins, and members of the S100 family of Ca(2+)-binding proteins. Immunohistochemistry confirmed mRNA expression data enabled mapping of protein expression. Interestingly, proteins up-regulated in thickening epidermis: keratin 6 and S100A8 showed the most significant up-regulation and the least mouse-to-mouse variation following 0.2 Gy irradiation, in a concerted effort toward skin tissue regeneration. Conversely, mice irradiated at 1 Gy showed most evidence of apoptosis (Caspase-3 and TUNEL staining) and most 8-oxo-G accumulation at 24 h post-irradiation. Moreover, no cell proliferation accompanied 1 Gy exposure as shown by Ki67 immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The dose-dependent differential gene expression at the tissue level following in vivo exposure to neutron radiation is reminiscent of the onset of re-epithelialization and wound healing and depends on the proportion of cells carrying multiple chromosomal lesions in the entire tissue. Thus, this study presents in vivo evidence of a skin regenerative program exerted independently from DNA repair-associated pathways.

Dataset Information

?' formation kinetics and radiation induced segregation in neutron irradiated 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloys.

Publications

α' formation kinetics and radiation induced segregation in neutron irradiated 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloys.

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