Dataset Information

Comparing the effects of microwave radiation on 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol from ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Rosc).

ABSTRACT: The active component obtained from ginger is a high value-added product, but continued research is required for improved extraction techniques that will lead to better quality extracts and greater yields. In this study, major functional compounds of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol in ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Rosc) were extracted using microwave assisted extraction (MAE). Possible ranges for optimal MAE conditions were predicted by merging of the contour plots of each response to observe the overlapping area of all responses. Optimal conditions predicted were ethanol concentration of 70%, extraction time of 10 min, and microwave power of 180 W. Verification tests carried out at a set of random condition within the above mentioned optimal ranges, which got experimental values for total soluble solid yield, antioxidant activity, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol of 30.0±0.8%, 87.8±0.8%, 2.8±0.6 mg/g and 1.3±0.5 mg/g, respectively. Analysis results showed that steamed ginger sample contained lower 6-gingerol content, soluble solid as well as reduced antioxidant activity, but higher in 6-shogaol as compared with fresh sample.

SUBMITTER: Teng H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6557475 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparing the effects of microwave radiation on 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol from ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Rosc).

Teng Hui H Seuseu Kemueli T KT Lee Won-Young WY Chen Lei L

PloS one 20190610 6

The active component obtained from ginger is a high value-added product, but continued research is required for improved extraction techniques that will lead to better quality extracts and greater yields. In this study, major functional compounds of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol in ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Rosc) were extracted using microwave assisted extraction (MAE). Possible ranges for optimal MAE conditions were predicted by merging of the contour plots of each response to observe the ...[more]

PMID: 31181065

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Project description:Bacterial wilt in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most important production constraints in tropical, sub-tropical and warm temperature regions of the world. Lack of resistant genotype adds constraints to the crop management. However, mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.), which is resistant to R. solanacearum, is a potential donor, if the exact mechanism of resistance is understood. To identify genes involved in resistance to R. solanacearum, we have sequenced the transcriptome from wilt-sensitive ginger and wilt-resistant mango ginger using Illumina sequencing technology. A total of 26387032 and 22268804 paired-end reads were obtained after quality filtering for C. amada and Z. officinale, respectively. A total of 36359 and 32312 assembled transcript sequences were obtained from both the species. The functions of the unigenes cover a diverse set of molecular functions and biological processes, among which we identified a large number of genes associated with resistance to stresses and response to biotic stimuli. Large scale expression profiling showed that many of the disease resistance related genes were expressed more in C. amada. Comparative analysis also identified genes belonging to different pathways of plant defense against biotic stresses that are differentially expressed in either ginger or mango ginger. The identification of many defense related genes differentially expressed provides many insights to the resistance mechanism to R. solanacearum and for studying potential pathways involved in responses to pathogen. Also, several candidate genes that may underline the difference in resistance to R. solanacearum between ginger and mango ginger were identified. Finally, we have developed a web resource, ginger transcriptome database, which provides public access to the data. Our study is among the first to demonstrate the use of Illumina short read sequencing for de novo transcriptome assembly and comparison in non-model species of Zingiberaceae.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Antibiotic resistance is a defense mechanism, harbored by pathogens to survive under unfavorable conditions. Among several antibiotic resistant microbial consortium, Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most havoc microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus encodes a unique enzyme 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase (SaHPPK), against which, none of existing antibiotics have been reported. METHODS:Computational approaches have been instrumental in designing and discovering new drugs for several diseases. The present study highlights the impact of ginger phytochemicals on Staphylococcus aureus SaHPPK. Herein, we have retrieved eight ginger phytochemicals from published literature and investigated their inhibitory interactions with SaHPPK. To authenticate our work, the investigation proceeds considering the known antibiotics alongside the phytochemicals. Molecular docking was performed employing GOLD and CDOCKER. The compounds with the highest dock score from both the docking programmes were tested for their inhibitory capability in vitro. The binding conformations that were seated within the binding pocket showing strong interactions with the active sites residues rendered by highest dock score were forwarded towards the molecular dynamic (MD) simulation analysis. RESULTS:Based on molecular dock scores, molecular interaction with catalytic active residues and MD simulations studies, two ginger phytochemicals, gingerenone-A and shogaol have been proposed as candidate inhibitors against Staphylococcus aureus. They have demonstrated higher dock scores than the known antibiotics and have represented interactions with the key residues within the active site. Furthermore, these compounds have rendered considerable inhibitory activity when tested in vitro. Additionally, their superiority was corroborated by stable MD results conducted for 100 ns employing GROMACS package. CONCLUSIONS:Finally, we suggest that gingerenone-A and shogaol may either be potential SaHPPK inhibitors or can be used as fundamental platforms for novel SaHPPK inhibitor development.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a popular flavoring that widely used in Asian, and the volatile oil in ginger rhizomes adds a special fragrance and taste to foods. The bioactive compounds in ginger, such as gingerols, diarylheptanoids, and flavonoids, are of significant value to human health because of their anticancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, as a non-model plant, knowledge about the genome sequences of ginger is extremely limited, and this limits molecular studies on this plant. In this study, de novo transcriptome sequencing was performed to investigate the expression of genes associated with the biosynthesis of major bioactive compounds in matured ginger rhizome (MG), young ginger rhizome (YG), and fibrous roots of ginger (FR). RESULTS:A total of 361,876 unigenes were generated by de novo assembly. The expression of genes involved in the pathways responsible for the biosynthesis of major bioactive compounds differed between tissues (MG, YG, and FR). Two pathways that give rise to volatile oil, gingerols, and diarylheptanoids, the "terpenoid backbone biosynthesis" and "stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis" pathways, were significantly enriched (adjusted P value < 0.05) for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (FDR < 0.005) both between the FR and YG libraries, and the FR and MG libraries. Most of the unigenes mapped in these two pathways, including curcumin synthase, phenylpropanoylacetyl-CoA synthase, trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase, and 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase, were expressed to a significantly higher level (log2 (fold-change) ≥ 1) in FR than in YG or MG. CONCLUSION:This study provides the first insight into the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds in ginger at a molecular level and provides valuable genome resources for future molecular studies on ginger. Moreover, our results establish that bioactive compounds in ginger may predominantly synthesized in the root and then transported to rhizomes, where they accumulate.

Dataset Information

Comparing the effects of microwave radiation on 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol from ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Rosc).

Publications

Comparing the effects of microwave radiation on 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol from ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Rosc).

Similar Datasets

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