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Flow behavior analysis of Chlorella Vulgaris microalgal biomass.

ABSTRACT: The processing volume of bioengineering operations requires flow properties of algal mass for effective processing techniques. Chlorella Vulgaris microalgae cultured at 25 °C in Tap media under continuous illumination was considered. It showed an exponential phase of growth up to 8 days and then a stationary phase of growth from 8 days to 15 days. The rheological properties of microalgae biomass during the growth represented power law model. Microscopic analysis showed the influence of shearing on variation of algal structure from clusters to complete cell separation. The flow properties supported the microscopy analysis showing the shear thickening property at high shear rates and shear thinning nature at low shear regime. Optimal power required for the agitation of biomass based on the variations of non-Newtonian viscosity were predicted by considering the vessel geometry.

SUBMITTER: Yatirajula SK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6562143 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Flow behavior analysis of <i>Chlorella Vulgaris</i> microalgal biomass.

Yatirajula Suresh Kumar SK Shrivastava Anuj A Saxena Vinod Kumar VK Kodavaty Jagadeeshwar J

Heliyon 20190610 6

The processing volume of bioengineering operations requires flow properties of algal mass for effective processing techniques. <i>Chlorella Vulgaris</i> microalgae cultured at 25 °C in Tap media under continuous illumination was considered. It showed an exponential phase of growth up to 8 days and then a stationary phase of growth from 8 days to 15 days. The rheological properties of microalgae biomass during the growth represented power law model. Microscopic analysis showed the influence of sh ...[more]

PMID: 31211258

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Project description:Dry weight biomass is an important parameter in algaculture. Direct measurement requires weighing milligram quantities of dried biomass, which is problematic for small volume systems containing few cells, such as laboratory studies and high throughput assays in microwell plates. In these cases indirect methods must be used, inducing measurement artefacts which vary in severity with the cell type and conditions employed. Here, we utilise flow cytometry pulse width data for the estimation of cell density and biomass, using Chlorella vulgaris and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as model algae and compare it to optical density methods. Measurement of cell concentration by flow cytometry was shown to be more sensitive than optical density at 750 nm (OD750) for monitoring culture growth. However, neither cell concentration nor optical density correlates well to biomass when growth conditions vary. Compared to the growth of C. vulgaris in TAP (tris-acetate-phosphate) medium, cells grown in TAP + glucose displayed a slowed cell division rate and a 2-fold increased dry biomass accumulation compared to growth without glucose. This was accompanied by increased cellular volume. Laser scattering characteristics during flow cytometry were used to estimate cell diameters and it was shown that an empirical but nonlinear relationship could be shown between flow cytometric pulse width and dry weight biomass per cell. This relationship could be linearised by the use of hypertonic conditions (1 M NaCl) to dehydrate the cells, as shown by density gradient centrifugation. Flow cytometry for biomass estimation is easy to perform, sensitive and offers more comprehensive information than optical density measurements. In addition, periodic flow cytometry measurements can be used to calibrate OD750 measurements for both convenience and accuracy. This approach is particularly useful for small samples and where cellular characteristics, especially cell size, are expected to vary during growth.

Project description:The current study deals with the biological response variations on some biochemical properties of the freshwater green algae Chlorella vulgaris by exposure to different Mg2+ concentrations (5, 10, and 15) mg/L. Physiological and biochemical parameters, including growth curve, doubling time, photosynthesis pigments, total protein and carbohydrates were investigated. Moreover, enzymatic parameters such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also examined. The maximum growth rate was 0.482/day during the 9th day with 5 mg/L Mg2+, while the minimum was 0.019/day during the 13th and 14th days with 10 mg/L Mg2+. Furthermore, doubling time ranged between 15.501 during the 13th day with 10 mg/L Mg2+, and 0.624 during the 9th day with 5 mg/L. The maximum value of chlorophyll-a was 0.157 μg/mL during the 1st day with 10 mg/L Mg2+, while the minimum was 0.062 μg/mL during the 14th day with 15 mg/L Mg2+. The carotenoid ranged between 0.029 μg/mL during the 7th day with 15 mg/L Mg2+ and 0.002 μg/mL during the 14th day. The maximum protein value was 9.620 μg/L during the 1st day with 15 mg/L Mg2+, while the minimum was 1.772 μg/L during the 14th day with 15 mg/L Mg2+. The carbohydrate showed a maximum value of 0.824 μg/mL during the 1st day with 10 mg/L Mg2+, while the minimum was 0.293 μg/mL during the 14th day with 15 mg/L. Moreover, SOD ranged between 0.884 unit/L during the 1st day with 15 mg/L Mg2+, and 0.073 unit/L as the minimum value during the 14th day with 15 mg/L Mg2+. The maximum value of ROS was 3.627 mM/mL during the 1st day with 5 and 15 mg/L Mg2+, while the minimum was 1.674 mM/mL during the 14th day with 10 mg/L. The results show that values of CAT ranged between 0.200 unit/mL during the 7th day with 10 mg/L Mg2+, and 0.010 unit/mL during the 14th day with 15 mg/L. Overall, 5 mg/L for biomass production and 15 mg/L for protein and carbohydrate production were optimum doses.

Dataset Information

Flow behavior analysis of Chlorella Vulgaris microalgal biomass.

Publications

Flow behavior analysis of <i>Chlorella Vulgaris</i> microalgal biomass.

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