Dataset Information

Fish and Meat Intake, Serum Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels, and Mortality in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Persons.

ABSTRACT: The associations between meat/fish consumption, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) intakes, and blood DHA/EPA levels, and mortality in Japan were examined as part of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging: 520 men and 534 women (60-79 years at baseline) were followed from 1997-2017. Nutritional intakes were assessed using a 3-day dietary record and fasting venous blood samples were collected. Serum EPA/DHA concentrations, the EPA/arachidonic acid (ARA) ratio, EPA/DHA intakes, and fish/meat intakes were examined in tertiles as indicator variables, and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated to compare the risk of death across tertiles controlling for sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol drinking, physical activity, education, employment, and history of diseases. During follow-up (mean 11.7 years), 422 subjects (40.4%) died. The multivariate-adjusted HR for all-cause mortality in subjects in the highest tertile of serum DHA and EPA/ARA ratio was 0.73 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.53-0.99) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.53-0.96) compared with subjects in the lowest tertile, respectively (trend p < 0.05). There were no significant associations between mortality and serum EPA/ARA and DHA/EPA intakes. An increased serum DHA level or EPA/ARA ratio might be recommended for longevity to Japanese community dwellers.

SUBMITTER: Otsuka R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6572518 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fish and Meat Intake, Serum Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels, and Mortality in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Persons.

Otsuka Rei R Tange Chikako C Nishita Yukiko Y Tomida Makiko M Kato Yuki Y Imai Tomoko T Ando Fujiko F Shimokata Hiroshi H

International journal of environmental research and public health 20190521 10

The associations between meat/fish consumption, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) intakes, and blood DHA/EPA levels, and mortality in Japan were examined as part of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging: 520 men and 534 women (60-79 years at baseline) were followed from 1997-2017. Nutritional intakes were assessed using a 3-day dietary record and fasting venous blood samples were collected. Serum EPA/DHA concentrations, the EPA/arachidonic ...[more]

PMID: 31117268

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Project description:BackgroundLong-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3-PUFA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) provide multiple health benefits for heart, brain and eyes. However, consumption of fatty fish, the main source of LC n-3-PUFAs is low in Western countries. Intakes of LC n-3-PUFA can be increased by taking dietary supplements, such as fish oil, algal oil, or krill oil. Recently, conflicting information was published on the relative bioavailability of these omega-3 supplements. A few studies suggested that the phospholipid form (krill) is better absorbed than the fish oil ethyl ester (EE) or triglyceride (TG) forms. Yet studies did not match the doses administered nor the concentrations of DHA and EPA per supplement across such comparisons, leading to questionable conclusions. This study was designed to compare the oral bioavailability of the same dose of both EPA and DHA in fish oil-EE vs. fish oil-TG vs. krill oil in plasma at the end of a four-week supplementation.MethodsSixty-six healthy adults (n = 22/arm) were enrolled in a double blind, randomized, three-treatment, multi-dose, parallel study. Subjects were supplemented with a 1.3 g/d dose of EPA + DHA (approximately 816 mg/d EPA + 522 mg/d DHA, regardless of formulation) for 28 consecutive days, as either fish oil-EE, fish oil-TG or krill oil capsules (6 caps/day). Plasma and red blood cell (RBC) samples were collected at baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and at 4, 8, 12, 48, 72, 336, and 672 h. Total plasma EPA + DHA levels at Week 4 (Hour 672) were measured as the primary endpoint.ResultsNo significant differences in total plasma EPA + DHA at 672 h were observed between fish oil-EE (mean = 90.9 ± 41 ug/mL), fish oil-TG (mean = 108 ± 40 ug/mL), and krill oil (mean = 118.5 ± 48 ug/mL), p = 0.052 and bioavailability differed by < 24 % between the groups. Additionally, DHA + EPA levels were not significantly different in RBCs among the 3 formulations, p = 0.19, providing comparable omega-3 indexes.ConclusionsSimilar plasma and RBC levels of EPA + DHA were achieved across fish oil and krill oil products when matched for dose, EPA, and DHA concentrations in this four week study, indicating comparable oral bioavailability irrespective of formulation.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT02427373.

Project description:Consumption of oily fish is sporadic, whereas controlled intervention studies of n-3 (?-3) fatty acids usually provide capsules containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as a daily dose. This methodologic study explored whether there are differences in the short-, medium-, and long-term incorporation of EPA and DHA into blood plasma and cells with the provision of identical amounts of EPA and DHA, equivalent to 2 oily fish servings per week (or 6.54 g/wk EPA and DHA), either intermittently (i.e., 1 portion twice per week) or continuously (i.e., divided into daily amounts). The study was part of a randomized, double-blind controlled intervention lasting 12 mo, with participants stratified by age and sex. There were 5 intervention groups, 2 of which are reported here: the 2 intermittent portions (2I) and 2 continuous portions (2C) groups. EPA and DHA were measured in plasma phosphatidylcholine, platelets, and blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) at 9 time points. Sixty-five participants completed the study (2I group, n = 30, mean age of 49.2 y; 2C group, n = 35, mean age of 50.6 y). The incorporation pattern over the 12-mo intervention was different between the 2 groups in all samples (P < 0.0001, time × treatment interaction). At the end of the 12-mo intervention, the 2C group had higher EPA, DHA, and EPA + DHA in platelets (all P < 0.01) and higher EPA and EPA + DHA in MNCs (both P < 0.05) compared with the 2I group. No significant differences were shown for plasma phosphatidylcholine EPA (P = 0.1), DHA (P = 0.15), EPA + DHA (P = 0.07), or MNC DHA (P = 0.06). In conclusion, the pattern of consumption does affect the incorporation of EPA and DHA into cells used as biomarkers of intake. The differences identified here need to be considered in the design of studies and when extrapolating results from continuous capsule-based intervention studies to dietary guidelines for oily fish consumption. This trial was registered at www.controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN48398526.

Dataset Information

Fish and Meat Intake, Serum Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels, and Mortality in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Persons.

Publications

Fish and Meat Intake, Serum Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels, and Mortality in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Persons.

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