Dataset Information

Does Abdominal Obesity Accelerate Muscle Strength Decline in Older Adults? Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cross-sectional evidence has shown an association between abdominal obesity and lower muscle strength in older adults. However, no longitudinal findings have confirmed this association. In addition, the impact of abdominal fat on the reduction in muscle strength is not yet fully understood.

Methods

We investigated the longitudinal associations between abdominal obesity and handgrip strength in 5,181 older adults from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing over 8 years of follow-up. Muscular strength was measured using a manual dynamometer. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference >102 cm for men and >88 cm for women. Generalized linear mixed models were adjusted by measures of socioeconomic status, health conditions, lifestyle, cognition, depressive symptoms, biomarkers, and disability.

Results

At baseline, the mean age of participants was 65.8 years and their mean waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) were 95 cm and 27.7 kg/m2, respectively. Fully adjusted models showed that abdominal obese men and women had stronger muscle strength at baseline. The decline over time in muscle strength was accelerated in abdominal obese men (-0.12 kg/year, 95% confidence interval: -0.24 to -0.01) compared with nonabdominal obese. This association was not found in women. Comparative analyses showed that overweight men according to their BMI were not at greater risk of muscle strength decline. However, these men were at risk based on their waist circumference.

Conclusions

Abdominal obesity is associated with accelerated muscle strength decline in men.

SUBMITTER: de Carvalho DHT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6580692 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Does Abdominal Obesity Accelerate Muscle Strength Decline in Older Adults? Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

de Carvalho Danilo Henrique Trevisan DHT Scholes Shaun S Santos Jair Licio Ferreira JLF de Oliveira Cesar C Alexandre Tiago da Silva TDS

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 20190601 7

<h4>Background</h4>Cross-sectional evidence has shown an association between abdominal obesity and lower muscle strength in older adults. However, no longitudinal findings have confirmed this association. In addition, the impact of abdominal fat on the reduction in muscle strength is not yet fully understood.<h4>Methods</h4>We investigated the longitudinal associations between abdominal obesity and handgrip strength in 5,181 older adults from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing over 8 years ...[more]

PMID: 30107482

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Project description:Aims/hypothesisThe aim of the study was to evaluate longitudinal associations between HbA1c levels, diabetes status and subsequent cognitive decline over a 10 year follow-up period.MethodsData from wave 2 (2004-2005) to wave 7 (2014-2015) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) were analysed. Cognitive function was assessed at baseline (wave 2) and reassessed every 2 years at waves 3-7. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate longitudinal associations.ResultsThe study comprised 5189 participants (55.1% women, mean age 65.6 ± 9.4 years) with baseline HbA1c levels ranging from 15.9 to 126.3 mmol/mol (3.6-13.7%). The mean follow-up duration was 8.1 ± 2.8 years and the mean number of cognitive assessments was 4.9 ± 1.5. A 1 mmol/mol increment in HbA1c was significantly associated with an increased rate of decline in global cognitive z scores (-0.0009 SD/year, 95% CI -0.0014, -0.0003), memory z scores (-0.0005 SD/year, 95% CI -0.0009, -0.0001) and executive function z scores (-0.0008 SD/year, 95% CI -0.0013, -0.0004) after adjustment for baseline age, sex, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, BMI, education, marital status, depressive symptoms, current smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, CHD, stroke, chronic lung disease and cancer. Compared with participants with normoglycaemia, the multivariable-adjusted rate of global cognitive decline associated with prediabetes and diabetes was increased by -0.012 SD/year (95% CI -0.022, -0.002) and -0.031 SD/year (95% CI -0.046, -0.015), respectively (p for trend <0.001). Similarly, memory, executive function and orientation z scores showed an increased rate of cognitive decline with diabetes.Conclusions/interpretationSignificant longitudinal associations between HbA1c levels, diabetes status and long-term cognitive decline were observed in this study. Future studies are required to determine the effects of maintaining optimal glucose control on the rate of cognitive decline in people with diabetes.

Project description:Background:Socio-economic status from early life has been linked to cardiovascular disease risk, but the impact of life-course socio-economic trajectories, as well as the mechanisms underlying social inequalities in cardiovascular disease risk, is uncertain. Objectives:We assessed the role of behavioural, psychosocial and physiological (including inflammatory) factors in the association between life-course socio-economic status and cardiovascular disease mortality in older adults. Methods:Participants were 7846 individuals (44% women) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a representative study of individuals aged???50 years, established in 2002-03. Comprising four indicators of socio-economic status (father's social class, own education, occupational position and wealth), we computed an index of socio-economic trajectory and a lifetime cumulative socio-economic score. Behavioural (smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index) and psychosocial (social relations, loneliness) factors, physiological (blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen), measured repeatedly over time, were potential explanatory variables. Cardiovascular disease mortality was ascertained by linkage of study members to a national mortality register. Mediation was calculated using the traditional 'change-in-estimate method' and alternative approaches such as counterfactual mediation modelling could not be applied in this context. Results:During the 8.4-year follow-up, 1301 study members died (438 from cardiovascular disease). A stable low-social-class trajectory was associated with around double the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval: 1.94, 1.37; 2.75) compared with a stable high social class across the life course. Individuals in the lowest relative to the highest life-course cumulative socio-economic status group were also more than twice as likely to die of cardiovascular disease (2.57, 1.81; 3.65). Behavioural factors and inflammatory markers contributed most to explaining this gradient, whereas the role of psychosocial and other physiological risk factors was modest. Conclusions:In a population-based cohort of older individuals living in England, we provide evidence that disadvantage across the life course is linked to cardiovascular mortality. That behavioural factors and inflammatory markers partially explain this gradient may provide insights into the potential for intervention.

Dataset Information

Does Abdominal Obesity Accelerate Muscle Strength Decline in Older Adults? Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Does Abdominal Obesity Accelerate Muscle Strength Decline in Older Adults? Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

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