Dataset Information

Diurnal changes in core body temperature, day/night locomotor activity patterns, and actigraphy-generated behavioral sleep in aged canines with varying levels of cognitive dysfunction.

ABSTRACT: Core body temperature (CBT) rhythm, locomotor activity, and actigraphy-sleep were evaluated in geriatric dogs with cognitive dysfunction. Dogs (n=33; 9-16 yrs) performed a spatial working memory task and divided into three memory groups: Low, Moderate, and High, with subsequent evaluation of learning and attention. Rectal CBT was recorded 6 times over a 17.5 h period and Actiwatch® activity monitoring system for 5 days while housed indoors with 12 h light/dark schedule. Rhythm of daily activity data was evaluated using the traditional cosinor analysis and generation of non-parametric measures of interdaily stability, intradaily variability, and relative amplitude. CBT differed with time (F (5, 130)=11.36, p<0.001), and was the highest at 19:00C. CBT at 19:00 was positively related (p<0.01) to memory (r(31)=0.50) and 3-domain cognitive performance index (memory, learning, attention; r(31)=0.39). Total daytime or night-time activity did not differ between memory groups, but hourly counts at 8:00 were positively related (p<0.05) to memory (r(31)=0.52), learning (r(31)=0.36), and 3-domain cognitive performance index (r(31)=0.53). There were no significant differences between age or memory groups for any circadian rhythm measures. Daytime naps were inversely related to memory accuracy (r(31)=-0.39; p<0.05) and BT at 15:00 (r(30)=-0.51; p<0.01). Lower peak BT and increased napping may predict some aspects of cognitive performance of working memory, learning, and/or attention processes in these geriatric dogs, but minimal diurnal rhythm disruption of locomotor activity is observed when these cognitive processes decline.

SUBMITTER: Zanghi BM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6584451 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diurnal changes in core body temperature, day/night locomotor activity patterns, and actigraphy-generated behavioral sleep in aged canines with varying levels of cognitive dysfunction.

Zanghi Brian M BM Gardner Cari C Araujo Joseph J Milgram Norton W NW

Neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms 20160713 1

Core body temperature (CBT) rhythm, locomotor activity, and actigraphy-sleep were evaluated in geriatric dogs with cognitive dysfunction. Dogs (<i>n</i>=33; 9-16 yrs) performed a spatial working memory task and divided into three memory groups: Low, Moderate, and High, with subsequent evaluation of learning and attention. Rectal CBT was recorded 6 times over a 17.5 h period and Actiwatch® activity monitoring system for 5 days while housed indoors with 12 h light/dark schedule. Rhythm of daily ac ...[more]

PMID: 31236491

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Project description:Melatonin regulates diurnal changes in locomotor activity in vertebrates, but the molecular mechanism for this neurohormonal regulation of behavior is poorly understood. Here we show that 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, a previously undescribed avian neurosteroid, mediates melatonin action on diurnal locomotor rhythms in quail. In this study, we first identified 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone and its stereoisomer 7beta-hydroxypregnenolone in quail brain. These neurosteroids have not been described previously in avian brain. We then demonstrated that 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone acutely increased quail locomotor activity. To analyze the production of 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, cytochrome P450(7alpha), a steroidogenic enzyme of this neurosteroid, was also identified. Subsequently, we demonstrated diurnal changes in 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone synthesis in quail. 7Alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone synthesis and locomotor activity in males were much higher than in females. This is the first demonstration in any vertebrate of a clear sex difference in neurosteroid synthesis. This sex difference in 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone synthesis corresponded to the sex difference in locomotion. We show that only males exhibited marked diurnal changes in 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone synthesis, and these changes occurred in parallel with changes in locomotor activity. Finally, we identified melatonin as a key component of the mechanism regulating 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone synthesis. Increased synthesis of 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone occurred in males in vivo after melatonin removal via pinealectomy and orbital enucleation (Px plus Ex). Conversely, decreased synthesis of this neurosteroid occurred after melatonin administration to Px plus Ex males. This study demonstrates that melatonin regulates synthesis of 7alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, a key factor for induction of locomotor activity, thus inducing diurnal locomotor changes in male birds. This is a previously undescribed role for melatonin.

Project description:BackgroundNocturnal symptoms in Parkinson's disease are often treated after management of daytime manifestations. In order to better understand the unmet needs of nocturnal symptoms management, we analyzed the characteristics and burden of nocturnal symptoms from patients' perspectives and explored their changes over time. Overall symptoms (occurring at day or night) were collected to compare whether the unmet needs related to nocturnal symptoms and to overall symptoms are different.MethodsWe used a Social Listening big-data technique to analyze large amounts of Parkinson's disease symptoms in dialogues available from social media platforms in 2016 to 2018. These symptoms were classified as either overall symptoms or nocturnal symptoms. We used share of voice (SOV) of symptoms as a proportion of total dialogues per year to reflect the characteristics of symptoms. Negative sentiment score of symptoms was analyzed to find out their related burden.ResultsWe found the SOV for overall motor symptoms was 79% and had not increased between 2016 and 2018 (79%, p =?0.5). The SOV for non-motor symptoms was 69% and had grown by 7% in 2018 (p <? 0.01). The SOV for motor complications was 9% and had increased by 6% in 2018 (p?<? 0.01). The SOV of motor symptoms was larger than non-motor symptoms and motor complications (p <? 0.01). The SOV of non-motor symptoms was larger than motor complications (p?<? 0.01). For nocturnal symptoms, 45% of the analyzed PD population reported nocturnal symptoms in 2018, growing by 6% (p <? 0.01). The SOV for nocturnal-occurring motor symptoms was higher than most non-motor symptoms. However, non-motor symptoms had the higher increases and evoked higher negative sentiment regardless of whether they occurred during the day or night. For symptoms that can occur at either day or night, each nocturnal symptom was rated with a higher negative sentiment score than the same symptom during the day.ConclusionsThe growing SOV and the greater negative sentiment of nocturnal symptoms suggest management of nocturnal symptoms is an unmet need of patients. A greater emphasis on detecting and treating nocturnal symptoms with 24-h care is encouraged.

Dataset Information

Diurnal changes in core body temperature, day/night locomotor activity patterns, and actigraphy-generated behavioral sleep in aged canines with varying levels of cognitive dysfunction.

Publications

Diurnal changes in core body temperature, day/night locomotor activity patterns, and actigraphy-generated behavioral sleep in aged canines with varying levels of cognitive dysfunction.

Similar Datasets

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