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Cardiometabolic risk factors differ among adolescents with obesity in three European countries - a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: AIM:We aimed to compare modifiable cardiometabolic risk factors among treatment-seeking adolescents with obesity in Italy, Germany and Norway. METHODS:This retrospective, registry-based, cross-sectional cohort study included 2,327 (59% girls) 12-18 year-old adolescents with obesity from three tertiary care outpatient clinics in Europe, between 1999 and 2015. The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors was compared between clinics, and multivariate logistic regression models including gender, age, waist circumference and body mass index were used to assess the associations between population and cardiometabolic risk. RESULTS:In total, 1,396 adolescents (60% girls) from Italy, 654 (58% girls) from Germany and 277 (51% girls) from Norway were included. The mean ± SD age was 15.2 ± 1.6 years, body mass index 38.8 ± 6.5 kg/m2 and body mass index standard deviation score 3.21 ± 0.43. The prevalence of elevated nonhigh-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in Norway, Germany and Italy was 60%, 54% and 45%, while the prevalence of high systolic or diastolic blood pressure (≥130 or ≥85 mmHg) were 15%, 46% and 66%, respectively. CONCLUSION:Cardiometabolic risk factors among treatment-seeking adolescents with obesity from Italy, Germany and Norway differed across the populations in this study, which might imply that preventive clinical work should reflect such differences.

SUBMITTER: Benestad B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6585823 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cardiometabolic risk factors differ among adolescents with obesity in three European countries - a cross-sectional study.

Benestad Beate B Júlíusson Pétur B PB Siegfried Wolfgang W Lekhal Samira S Småstuen Milada Cvancarova MC Hertel Jens Kristoffer JK Agosti Fiorenza F Marazzi Nicoletta N Hjelmesaeth Jøran J Sartorio Alessandro A

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 20180917 3

<h4>Aim</h4>We aimed to compare modifiable cardiometabolic risk factors among treatment-seeking adolescents with obesity in Italy, Germany and Norway.<h4>Methods</h4>This retrospective, registry-based, cross-sectional cohort study included 2,327 (59% girls) 12-18 year-old adolescents with obesity from three tertiary care outpatient clinics in Europe, between 1999 and 2015. The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors was compared between clinics, and multivariate logistic regression models inc ...[more]

PMID: 30118191

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Project description:ObjectivesPrevalence of child and adolescents' overweight and obesity in low- and middle-income countries has increased dramatically. Simultaneously, the incidence of pre-hypertension/hypertension is also increasing in children, which, in turn, predisposes these children to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in later life. The present study assessed cardiometabolic risk factors and early indicators of vascular dysfunction in adolescents from a low socio-economic rural area in South Africa.DesignCross-sectional cohort study.SettingThe study was conducted in public schools in Mthatha, OR Tambo district municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.ParticipantsA total of 244 adolescents (188 females) of African ancestry aged 13-16 years were enrolled.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAnthropometric and haemodynamic measures and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were related to overweight/obesity and hypertension. Blood markers of cardiometabolic syndrome were assessed as well as vascular function (via PWV).ResultsOne-third (33.0%) of the adolescents exceeded the age and sex-specific body mass index percentiles for overweight (≥85th) or obesity (>95th) with a prevalence of 61.1% pre-hypertensives in this group. Overweight/obesity and hypertension were associated with higher triglycerides (lean:overweight: 0.79<1.01 mmol/L; normotensive:hypertensive: 0.82<0.89 mmol/L). Fasting glucose was higher in hypertensive as compared to normotensive adolescents (4.85>4.69 mmol/L, p<0.05). PWV was elevated in 25.9% of the children and significantly correlated with asymmetric dimethylarginine and systolic blood pressure (p<0.001).ConclusionOverweight/obesity and hypertension show a high prevalence in rural South African youth. Almost half of the studied adolescents are at risk for developing CVD. The high association between cardiometabolic risk factors and PWV further suggests that hypertension in adolescents may promote the progression of CVD in adulthood. Early detection of those at risk and the implementation of preventive strategies in underprivileged young people is urgently needed to stop the progression of vascular damage and manifestation of CVD in rural African children.

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Cardiometabolic risk factors differ among adolescents with obesity in three European countries - a cross-sectional study.

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Cardiometabolic risk factors differ among adolescents with obesity in three European countries - a cross-sectional study.

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