Dataset Information

Role of cytochrome P450 polymorphisms and functions in development of ulcerative colitis.

ABSTRACT: Cytochromes P450s (CYPs) are terminal enzymes in CYP dependent monooxygenases, which constitute a superfamily of enzymes catalysing the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous substances. One of their main tasks is to facilitate the excretion of these substances and eliminate their toxicities in most phase 1 reactions. Endogenous substrates of CYPs include steroids, bile acids, eicosanoids, cholesterol, vitamin D and neurotransmitters. About 80% of currently used drugs and environmental chemicals comprise exogenous substrates for CYPs. Genetic polymorphisms of CYPs may affect the enzyme functions and have been reported to be associated with various diseases and adverse drug reactions among different populations. In this review, we discuss the role of some critical CYP isoforms (CYP1A1, CYP2D6, CYP2J2, CYP2R1, CYP3A5, CYP3A7, CYP4F3, CYP24A1, CYP26B1 and CYP27B1) in the pathogenesis or aetiology of ulcerative colitis concerning gene polymorphisms. In addition, their significance in metabolism concerning ulcerative colitis in patients is also discussed showing a clear underestimation in genetic studies performed so far.

SUBMITTER: Sen A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6589734 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Role of cytochrome P450 polymorphisms and functions in development of ulcerative colitis.

Sen Alaattin A Stark Holger H

World journal of gastroenterology 20190601 23

Cytochromes P450s (CYPs) are terminal enzymes in CYP dependent monooxygenases, which constitute a superfamily of enzymes catalysing the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous substances. One of their main tasks is to facilitate the excretion of these substances and eliminate their toxicities in most phase 1 reactions. Endogenous substrates of CYPs include steroids, bile acids, eicosanoids, cholesterol, vitamin D and neurotransmitters. About 80% of currently used drugs and environmental chem ...[more]

PMID: 31249444

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Project description:We have explored the potential role of genetics in the development of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients under bisphosphonate therapy. A genome wide association study was performed using 500.568 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two series of homogeneously treated MM patients: one with ONJ (22 MM cases) and another without ONJ (65 matched MM controls). Four SNPs (rs1934951, rs1934980, rs1341162 and rs17110453) mapped within the Cytochrome P450-2C gene (CYP2C8) showed a different distribution between cases and controls with statistically significant differences (p=1.07x10-6, p=4.231x10-6, p=6.22x10-6 and p=2.15x10-5, respectively). SNP rs1934951 was significantly associated with a higher risk of ONJ development even after Bonferroni correction (P corrected value=0.02). Genotyping results displayed an overrepresentation of the T allele in cases as compared with controls (48% vs. 12%). Thus, individuals homozygous for the T allele had an increased likelihood of developing ONJ (Odds ratio 12.75, 95% confidence interval 3.7 to 43.5). We studied 22 cases (MM with ONJ) and 65 controls (MM without ONJ), matched for age, gender and ethnicity (note: all of the cases and controls are Caucasian). All patients were enrolled in the GEM-00 protocol, which consists on polychemotherapy and autologous transplantation. All received BPs therapy, either Pamidronate (16 cases, 57 controls) or Zoledronic Acid (6 cases, 8 controls) planned for 2 years (median 22 months, range 9-24 months). Clinical characteristics were similar between controls and cases. Study protocols were approved by the ethics committee and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Each patient was genotyped using the Affymetrix GeneChip Mapping 500K set of microarrays (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Genotypes were determined using the BRLMM algorithm with cases and controls undergoing joint cluster analysis, after ensuring a robust association test through quality filtering tests. Based on stringent quality control criteria a total of 339.972 SNPs were selected for subsequent analyses. Criteria for exclusion were: 1) call rate<90%, 2) minor allele frequency <5% and 3) deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with a p<0.00001. Sexual chromosomes were excluded for analysis. To test for allelic associations between SNPs and ONJ, we constructed 2x2 contingency tables and compared using the two-sided Fisher’s exact or Chisquare tests through SPSS software (SPSS 14.0, Inc. Chicago, IL, USA). P-values were corrected (Pc) using the Bonferroni correction. The strength of association was estimated by the odds ratio (OR), and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by Cornfield methods. Linkage disequilibrium between SNPs was analyzed using the Arlequin Software (http://anthro.unige.ch/arlequin).

Dataset Information

Role of cytochrome P450 polymorphisms and functions in development of ulcerative colitis.

Publications

Role of cytochrome P450 polymorphisms and functions in development of ulcerative colitis.

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