Dataset Information

Ovulation induction in anovulatory southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) without altrenogest.

ABSTRACT: All species in the extant Rhinocerotidae family are experiencing increased threats in the wild, making captive populations essential genetic reservoirs for species survival. However, managed species face distinct challenges in captivity, resulting in populations that are not self-sustaining. Captive southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) have low reproductive rates and presumed acyclicity is common among females. Although many females fail to ovulate, follicle growth may occur and ovulation can be hormonally induced. Female southern white rhino (n?=?6), housed as a bachelorette group, were determined to be ovulatory (n?=?1) or anovulatory (n =?5) by serial ultrasound and fecal progestagen analysis. When follicles reached pre-ovulatory size (~35 mm), females (n?=?4) were induced to ovulate in 11 trials with a GnRH analog (4.5 mg, SucroMate™) via single intramuscular injection. Nine trials resulted in ovulation (81.8%), all between 36 and 48 hours post-treatment. Ovulations were confirmed by progestagen elevation above baseline coincident with visualization of a corpus luteum (CL). Luteal phases were characterized as short (<50 days) or long (?50 days). Between short and long cycles, only the number of days of progestagen above baseline was significantly different (P?

SUBMITTER: Pennington PM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6589769 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Ovulation induction in anovulatory southern white rhinoceros (<i>Ceratotherium simum simum</i>) without altrenogest.

Pennington Parker M PM Marshall Kira L KL Capiro Jonnie M JM Felton Rachel G RG Durrant Barbara S BS

Conservation physiology 20190624 1

All species in the extant Rhinocerotidae family are experiencing increased threats in the wild, making captive populations essential genetic reservoirs for species survival. However, managed species face distinct challenges in captivity, resulting in populations that are not self-sustaining. Captive southern white rhinoceros (<i>Ceratotherium simum simum</i>) have low reproductive rates and presumed acyclicity is common among females. Although many females fail to ovulate, follicle growth may oc ...[more]

PMID: 31249689

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Project description:Gut microbiota are essential to nutrient metabolism and the maintenance of hindgut health. The characterization of faecal bacterial communities from healthy individuals is important for the establishment of baseline data that can be compared to periods of gut dysbiosis. Diet is a key determinant of the faecal microbial community structure and generation of volatile fatty acids, a main energy source for the host. While rhinoceroses are herbivores, black rhinoceroses are browsers and white rhinoceroses are grazers. The objective of our study was to characterize and compare diets, faecal bacterial communities, nutrients and metabolites between and amongst Southern white rhinoceroses and Southern black rhinoceroses (n = 3 rhinos/species) managed at Disney's Animal Kingdom® . Faecal bacterial communities were similar between individual white rhinos and dissimilar between species and individual black rhinos. Faecal butyrate and propionate molar proportions and concentrations were greater in black rhinos than white rhinos, whereas lactate was greater in white rhinos. The Shannon diversity, total operational taxonomic units, and relative abundance of Firmicutes were greater in white than black rhinos. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in faeces from black rhinos was 3-fold greater than from white rhinos. One black rhino had a greater relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia (7.45 ± 1.31%) than all other individual rhinos (0.01-1.37%). White rhinoceroses demonstrated similar abundances of bacterial phyla and communities between one another and by individual, while black rhinoceroses were more dissimilar by individual. The dissimilarities between black rhinos were suspected to be due to total diet consumption variability, including browse diversity, and lack of direct contact. In contrast, the white rhinos commingled (i.e. nose-to-nose contact) and consumed similar amounts of hay, pellets and training items. These results suggest that species-specific diets and the individual contribute to differences in faecal bacterial communities, nutrients and metabolites between black and white rhinos housed at the same institution.

Dataset Information

Ovulation induction in anovulatory southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) without altrenogest.

Publications

Ovulation induction in anovulatory southern white rhinoceros (<i>Ceratotherium simum simum</i>) without altrenogest.

Similar Datasets

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