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Relations between dairy product intake and blood pressure: the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Epidemiologic evidence suggests that low-fat dairy consumption may lower risk of hypertension. Dairy products may be distinctly linked to health, because of differences in nutritional composition, but little is known about specific nutrients that contribute to the dairy-blood pressure (BP) association, nor to underlying kidney function. METHODS:We examined cross-sectional associations to BP of dairy product intakes, total and by type, from the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure (INTERMAP) including 2694 participants aged 40-59 years from the UK and the USA. Eight BP, four 24-h dietary recalls and two 24-h urine samples were collected during four visits. Linear regression models adjusted for lifestyle/dietary factors to estimate BP differences per 2SD higher intakes of total-and-individual-types of dairy were calculated. RESULTS:Multivariable linear regression coefficients were estimated and pooled. In contrast to total and whole-fat dairy, each 195?g/1000?kcal (2SD) greater low-fat dairy intake was associated with a lower SBP -2.31?mmHg and DBP -2.27?mmHg. Significant associations attenuated with adjustment for dietary phosphorus, calcium, and lactose, but strengthened with urinary calcium adjustment. Stratification by median albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR; high ACR indicates impaired kidney function) showed strong associations between low-fat dairy and BP in participants with low ACR (SBP: -3.66; DBP: -2.15?mmHg), with no association in participants with high ACR. CONCLUSION:Low-fat dairy consumption was associated with lower BP, especially among participants with low ACR. Dairy-rich nutrients including phosphorus and calcium may have contributed to the beneficial associations with BP.

SUBMITTER: Aljuraiban GS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6591711 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Relations between dairy product intake and blood pressure: the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure.

Aljuraiban Ghadeer S GS Stamler Jeremiah J Chan Queenie Q Van Horn Linda L Daviglus Martha L ML Elliott Paul P Oude Griep Linda M LM

Journal of hypertension 20181001 10

<h4>Background</h4>Epidemiologic evidence suggests that low-fat dairy consumption may lower risk of hypertension. Dairy products may be distinctly linked to health, because of differences in nutritional composition, but little is known about specific nutrients that contribute to the dairy-blood pressure (BP) association, nor to underlying kidney function.<h4>Methods</h4>We examined cross-sectional associations to BP of dairy product intakes, total and by type, from the INTERnational study on MAc ...[more]

PMID: 29927842

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Project description:BackgroundAdherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet enhances potassium intake and reduces sodium intake and blood pressure (BP), but the underlying metabolic pathways are unclear.ObjectivesAmong free-living populations, we delineated metabolic signatures associated with the DASH diet adherence, 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretions, and the potential metabolic pathways involved.MethodsWe used 24-hour urinary metabolic profiling by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to characterize the metabolic signatures associated with the DASH dietary pattern score (DASH score) and 24-hour excretion of sodium and potassium among participants in the United States (n = 2164) and United Kingdom (n = 496) enrolled in the International Study of Macro- and Micronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP). Multiple linear regression and cross-tabulation analyses were used to investigate the DASH-BP relation and its modulation by sodium and potassium. Potential pathways associated with DASH adherence, sodium and potassium excretion, and BP were identified using mediation analyses and metabolic reaction networks.ResultsAdherence to the DASH diet was associated with urinary potassium excretion (correlation coefficient, r = 0.42; P < 0.0001). In multivariable regression analyses, a 5-point higher DASH score (range, 7 to 35) was associated with a lower systolic BP by 1.35 mmHg (95% CI, -1.95 to -0.80 mmHg; P = 1.2 × 10-5); control of the model for potassium but not sodium attenuated the DASH-BP relation. Two common metabolites (hippurate and citrate) mediated the potassium-BP and DASH-BP relationships, while 5 metabolites (succinate, alanine, S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide, 4-hydroxyhippurate, and phenylacetylglutamine) were found to be specific to the DASH-BP relation.ConclusionsGreater adherence to the DASH diet is associated with lower BP and higher potassium intake across levels of sodium intake. The DASH diet recommends greater intake of fruits, vegetables, and other potassium-rich foods that may replace sodium-rich processed foods and thereby influence BP through overlapping metabolic pathways. Possible DASH-specific pathways are speculated but confirmation requires further study. INTERMAP is registered as NCT00005271 at www.clinicaltrials.gov.

Dataset Information

Relations between dairy product intake and blood pressure: the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure.

Publications

Relations between dairy product intake and blood pressure: the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure.

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