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Unintended effects of transgenic rice revealed by transcriptome and metabolism.

ABSTRACT: Genetically modified (GM) organisms have been developed for decades. However, unintended effects are the main concerns of safety assessment that needs to be carefully investigated. Here, eight varieties of GM rice that were developed in China were selected to assess the unintended effects through transcriptome and metabolism. There are 2892-8758 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 7-50 metabolites at significant level between GM varieties and their isogenic counterparts, which were far fewer than that between traditional rice varieties. The function enrichment analysis showed altered transcription in stress-related pathway and starch and sucrose metabolism. DEGs shared among eight GM samples constitute less than 1% of the genes in the genome, and none of them is reported more than four times. The insertion effect on the nearby gene expression and the associated metabolism is only restricted to 50 genes. All the results provide a comprehensive analysis of unintended effects and indication of difference in Chinese transgenic rice based on their backgrounds, transformation, and insertion elements.

SUBMITTER: Fu W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6592643 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Unintended effects of transgenic rice revealed by transcriptome and metabolism.

Fu Wei W Wang Chenguang C Xu Wenjie W Zhu Pengyu P Lu Yun Y Wei Shuang S Wu Xiyang X Wu Yuping Y Zhao Yiqiang Y Zhu Shuifang S

GM crops & food 20190408 1

Genetically modified (GM) organisms have been developed for decades. However, unintended effects are the main concerns of safety assessment that needs to be carefully investigated. Here, eight varieties of GM rice that were developed in China were selected to assess the unintended effects through transcriptome and metabolism. There are 2892-8758 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 7-50 metabolites at significant level between GM varieties and their isogenic counterparts, which were far few ...[more]

PMID: 30955410

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Project description:BackgroundPlants engineered for abiotic stress tolerance may soon be commercialized. The engineering of these plants typically involves the manipulation of complex multigene networks and may therefore have a greater potential to introduce pleiotropic effects than the simple monogenic traits that currently dominate the plant biotechnology market. While research on unintended effects in transgenic plant systems has been instrumental in demonstrating the substantial equivalence of many transgenic plant systems, it is essential that such analyses be extended to transgenic plants engineered for stress tolerance. Drought-tolerant Arabidopsis thaliana were engineered through overexpression of the transcription factor ABF3 in order to investigate unintended pleiotropic effects. In order to eliminate position effects, the Cre/lox recombination system was used to create control plant lines that contain identical T-DNA insertion sites but with the ABF3 transgene excised. This additionally allowed us to determine if Cre recombinase can cause unintended effects that impact the transcriptome.ResultsMicroarray analysis of control plant lines that underwent Cre-mediated excision of the ABF3 transgene revealed only two genes that were differentially expressed in more than one plant line, suggesting that the impact of Cre recombinase on the transcriptome was minimal. In the absence of drought stress, overexpression of ABF3 had no effect on the transcriptome, but following drought stress, differences were observed in the gene expression patterns of plants overexpressing ABF3 relative to control plants. Examination of the functional distribution of the differentially expressed genes revealed strong similarity indicating that unintended pathways were not activated.ConclusionsThe action of ABF3 is tightly controlled in Arabidopsis. In the absence of drought stress, ectopic activation of drought response pathways does not occur. In response to drought stress, overexpression of ABF3 results in a reprogramming of the drought response, which is characterized by changes in the timing or strength of expression of some drought response genes, without activating any unexpected gene networks. These results illustrate that important gene networks are highly regulated in Arabidopsis and that engineering stress tolerance may not necessarily cause extensive changes to the transcriptome.

Dataset Information

Unintended effects of transgenic rice revealed by transcriptome and metabolism.

Publications

Unintended effects of transgenic rice revealed by transcriptome and metabolism.

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