Dataset Information

Reasons to use e-cigarettes among adults and youth in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:While e-cigarette use is increasing, reasons to use e-cigarettes are poorly summarized in the literature. The objective of this study was to organize reasons to use e-cigarette items into factors and determine associations between these factors and e-cigarette user characteristics. METHODS:Data were drawn from youth (12-17) and adults (18+) in Wave 1 (2013-2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 13 reasons to use survey items from experimental and established adult e-cigarette users and past 30?day youth e-cigarette users to determine two factors - "alternative to cigarettes" and "larger social environment". Weighted linear regression models tested the associations between e-cigarette user group and sociodemographics and reasons to use factors among youth and adults. RESULTS:Adult current established e-cigarette users were associated with both alternative to cigarettes (??=?0.128, p?

SUBMITTER: Nicksic NE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6594857 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Reasons to use e-cigarettes among adults and youth in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.

Nicksic Nicole E NE Snell L Morgan LM Barnes Andrew J AJ

Addictive behaviors 20190124

<h4>Background</h4>While e-cigarette use is increasing, reasons to use e-cigarettes are poorly summarized in the literature. The objective of this study was to organize reasons to use e-cigarette items into factors and determine associations between these factors and e-cigarette user characteristics.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were drawn from youth (12-17) and adults (18+) in Wave 1 (2013-2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on ...[more]

PMID: 30703668

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Project description:IntroductionPain has been implicated in the onset and maintenance of nicotine addiction, and there is initial cross-sectional evidence of covariation between pain and the use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes. The goals of the current study were to: (1)test pain severity as a predictor of initiating co-use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, (2)examine longitudinal associations between pain and use/co-use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, (3)generate the first prevalence rate data regarding cigarette and e-cigarette use as a function of pain, and (4)examine gender as a moderator of these associations.Aims and methodsData were drawn from Waves 1-4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (2013-2018).ResultsAmong exclusive cigarette smokers at Wave 1 (n = 7719), pain severity was associated with a greater likelihood of and faster trajectory to initiating co-use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes (ps < .05). A significant pain × gender interaction (p < .05) revealed this prospective relationship was stronger among women. Among adult respondents who provided at least three waves of data (n = 24 255), greater Wave 1 pain severity was positively associated with e-cigarette use, cigarette smoking, and co-use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes at Waves 2, 3, and 4 (ps < .001). At Wave 4 (n = 33 822), adults with moderate or severe pain endorsed rates of e-cigarette and cigarette use almost two times greater versus no or low pain (ps < .001).ConclusionsCollectively, these findings provide evidence that pain likely serves as an important candidate risk factor for the initiation and maintenance of cigarette and e-cigarette use.ImplicationsThis is the first prospective study to show that pain serves as an important risk factor for initiation and maintenance of cigarette and e-cigarette use over time. Weighted prevalence estimates further demonstrated that individuals with moderate or severe pain endorsed rates of cigarette and e-cigarette use and co-use approximately two times greater compared to those with no or low pain. These findings highlight a subpopulation of nicotine users more susceptible to greater healthcare burden, nicotine dependence, and physical impairment. Nicotine users with comorbid pain may benefit from integrated interventions that address pain in the context of cessation.

Project description:Importance:Approximately 90% of adult smokers first tried a cigarette by 18 years of age, and even infrequent smoking in adolescence is associated with established adult smoking. Noncigarette tobacco use is increasing and could stimulate subsequent conventional cigarette smoking in youths. Objective:To estimate the longitudinal association between noncigarette tobacco use and subsequent cigarette smoking initiation among US youth. Design, Setting, and Participants:In this prospective cohort study of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) waves 1 (September 12, 2013, to December 14, 2014) and 2 (October 23, 2014, to October 30, 2015), a nationally representative sample of youths who never smoked a conventional cigarette at baseline and completed wave 2 follow-up (N = 10 384) was studied. PATH retention at follow-up was 87.9%. Exposures:Ever use and past 30-day use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), hookah, noncigarette combustible tobacco, or smokeless tobacco at baseline. Main Outcomes and Measures:Ever use and past 30-day use of cigarettes at follow-up. Results:The present analysis was based on the 10 384 PATH youth respondents who reported never having smoked a cigarette in wave 1 and whose cigarette ever or past 30-day use was reported in wave 2 (mean [SD] age, 14.3 [1.7] years; age range, 12-17 years; 5087 [49.1%] female; 4829 [52.5%] white). At 1-year follow-up, 469 (4.6%) of all baseline never-smoking youths had tried a cigarette and 219 (2.1%) had smoked a cigarette within the past 30 days. Cigarette ever use at follow-up was higher among youths who had ever used e-cigarettes (78 [19.1%]), hookah (60 [18.3%]), noncigarette combustible tobacco (45 [19.2%]), or smokeless tobacco (29 [18.8%]) at baseline. After adjusting for sociodemographic, environmental, and behavioral smoking risk factors and for baseline ever use of other tobacco products, the odds of past 30-day cigarette use at follow-up were approximately twice as high among baseline ever users of e-cigarettes (odds ratio [OR], 1.87; 95% CI, 1.15-3.05), hookah (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.17-3.17), noncigarette combustible tobacco (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.00-3.19), and smokeless tobacco (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.10-3.87). Youths who had tried more than 1 type of tobacco product at baseline had 3.81 (95% CI, 2.22-6.54) greater adjusted odds of past 30-day cigarette smoking at follow-up than did baseline never tobacco users. Conclusions and Relevance:Any use of e-cigarettes, hookah, noncigarette combustible tobacco, or smokeless tobacco was independently associated with cigarette smoking 1 year later. Use of more than 1 product increased the odds of progressing to cigarette use.

Project description:IntroductionThe Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a longitudinal cohort study on tobacco use behavior, attitudes and beliefs, and tobacco-related health outcomes, including biomarkers of tobacco exposure in the U.S. population. In this report we provide a summary of urinary nicotine metabolite measurements among adult users and non-users of tobacco from Wave 1 (2013-2014) of the PATH Study.MethodsTotal nicotine and its metabolites including cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (HCTT), and other minor metabolites were measured in more than 11 500 adult participants by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry methods. Weighted geometric means (GM) and least square means from statistical modeling were calculated for non-users and users of various tobacco products.ResultsAmong daily users, the highest GM concentrations of nicotine, cotinine and HCTT were found in exclusive smokeless tobacco users, and the lowest in exclusive e-cigarette users. Exclusive combustible product users had intermediate concentrations, similar to those found in users of multiple products (polyusers). Concentrations increased with age within the categories of tobacco users, and differences associated with gender, race/ethnicity and educational attainment were also noted among user categories. Recent (past 12 months) former users had GM cotinine concentrations that were more than threefold greater than never users.ConclusionsThese urinary nicotine metabolite data provide quantification of nicotine exposure representative of the entire US adult population during 2013-2014 and may serve as a reference for similar analyses in future measurements within this study.ImplicationsNicotine and its metabolites in urine provide perhaps the most fundamental biomarkers of recent nicotine exposure. This report, based on Wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, provides the first nationally representative data describing urinary nicotine biomarker concentrations in both non-users, and users of a variety of tobacco products including combustible, e-cigarette and smokeless products. These data provide a urinary biomarker concentration snapshot in time for the entire US population during 2013-2014, and will provide a basis for comparison with future results from continuing, periodic evaluations in the PATH Study.

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Reasons to use e-cigarettes among adults and youth in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.

Publications

Reasons to use e-cigarettes among adults and youth in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.

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