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The repressive role of Arabidopsis H2A.Z in transcriptional regulation depends on AtBMI1 activity.

ABSTRACT: H2A.Z variant has emerged as a critical player in regulating plant responses to environment; however, the mechanism by which H2A.Z mediates this regulation remains unclear. In Arabidopsis, H2A.Z has been proposed to have opposite effects on transcription depending on its localization within the gene. These opposite roles have been assigned by correlating gene expression and H2A.Z enrichment analyses but without considering the impact of possible H2A.Z post-translational modifications. Here, we show that H2A.Z can be monoubiquitinated by the PRC1 components AtBMI1A/B/C. The incorporation of this modification is required for H2A.Z-mediated transcriptional repression through a mechanism that does not require PRC2 activity. Our data suggest that the dual role of H2A.Z in regulating gene expression depends on the modification that it carries, while the levels of H2A.Z within genes depend on the transcriptional activity.

SUBMITTER: Gomez-Zambrano A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6597585 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The repressive role of Arabidopsis H2A.Z in transcriptional regulation depends on AtBMI1 activity.

Gómez-Zambrano Ángeles Á Merini Wiam W Calonje Myriam M

Nature communications 20190627 1

H2A.Z variant has emerged as a critical player in regulating plant responses to environment; however, the mechanism by which H2A.Z mediates this regulation remains unclear. In Arabidopsis, H2A.Z has been proposed to have opposite effects on transcription depending on its localization within the gene. These opposite roles have been assigned by correlating gene expression and H2A.Z enrichment analyses but without considering the impact of possible H2A.Z post-translational modifications. Here, we s ...[more]

PMID: 31249301

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Project description:BackgroundDepending on the carbon source, Saccharomyces cerevisiae displays various degrees of respiration. These range from complete respiration as in the case of ethanol, to almost complete fermentation, and thus very low degrees of respiration on glucose. While many key regulators are known for these extreme cases, we focus here on regulators that are relevant at intermediate levels of respiration.ResultsWe address this question by linking the functional degree of respiration to transcriptional regulation via enzyme abundances. Specifically, we investigated aerobic batch cultures with the differently repressive carbon sources glucose, mannose, galactose and pyruvate. Based on 13C flux analysis, we found that the respiratory contribution to cellular energy production was largely absent on glucose and mannose, intermediate on galactose and highest on pyruvate. In vivo abundances of 40 respiratory enzymes were quantified by GFP-fusions under each condition. During growth on the partly and fully respired substrates galactose and pyruvate, several TCA cycle and respiratory chain enzymes were significantly up-regulated. From these enzyme levels and the known regulatory network structure, we determined the probability for a given transcription factor to cause the coordinated expression changes. The most probable transcription factors to regulate the different degrees of respiration were Gcr1p, Cat8p, the Rtg-proteins and the Hap-complex. For the latter three ones we confirmed their importance for respiration by quantifying the degree of respiration and biomass yields in the corresponding deletion strains.ConclusionsCat8p is required for wild-type like respiration, independent of its known activation of gluconeogenic genes. The Rtg-proteins and the Hap-complex are essential for wild-type like respiration under partially respiratory conditions. Under fully respiratory conditions, the Hap-complex, but not the Rtg-proteins are essential for respiration.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Genetic control of gene transcription is a key component in genome evolution. To understand the transcriptional basis of natural variation, we have studied genome-wide variations in transcription and characterized the genetic variations in regulatory elements among Arabidopsis accessions. RESULTS: Among five accessions (Col-0, C24, Ler, WS-2, and NO-0) 7,508 probe sets with no detectable genomic sequence variations were identified on the basis of the comparative genomic hybridization to the Arabidopsis GeneChip microarray, and used for accession-specific transcriptome analysis. Two-way ANOVA analysis has identified 60 genes whose mRNA levels differed in different accession backgrounds in an organ-dependent manner. Most of these genes were involved in stress responses and late stages of plant development, such as seed development. Correlation analysis of expression patterns of these 7,508 genes between pairs of accessions identified a group of 65 highly plastic genes with distinct expression patterns in each accession. CONCLUSION: Genes that show substantial genetic variation in mRNA level are those with functions in signal transduction, transcription and stress response, suggesting the existence of variations in the regulatory mechanisms for these genes among different accessions. This is in contrast to those genes with significant polymorphisms in the coding regions identified by genomic hybridization, which include genes encoding transposon-related proteins, kinases and disease-resistance proteins. While relatively fewer sequence variations were detected on average in the coding regions of these genes, a number of differences were identified from the upstream regions, several of which alter potential cis-regulatory elements. Our results suggest that nucleotide polymorphisms in regulatory elements of genes encoding controlling factors could be primary targets of natural selection and a driving force behind the evolution of Arabidopsis accessions.

Dataset Information

The repressive role of Arabidopsis H2A.Z in transcriptional regulation depends on AtBMI1 activity.

Publications

The repressive role of Arabidopsis H2A.Z in transcriptional regulation depends on AtBMI1 activity.

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