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Intimate partner violence and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care service in Debre Markos town health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Intimate partner violence is a thoughtful public health concern and human rights violation towards pregnant women for it has a significant negative health effect on the life of both the mother and her fetus. However, there is a scanty of information about the extent of intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Therefore, the current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care and identify associated factors that cause it. METHODS:An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 409 pregnant women who were attending antenatal care service in Debre Markos town from March 17, 2018 -April 28, 2018. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression models were done. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to identify factors associated with intimate partner violence during pregnancy. RESULTS:The prevalence of intimate partner violence during current pregnancy was found to be 41.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 36.0-46.0). Of this, the prevalence of psychological, physical, and sexual violence was 29.1%, 21%, 19.8% respectively. Lower educational status of partners (AOR = 3.26, 95%CI: 1.45-7.36), rural residency (AOR = 4.04, 95%CI: 1.17-13.93), frequent alcohol abuse by partner (AOR = 4.79, 95% CI: 2.08-11.04), early initiation of antenatal care (AOR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.81), the age of women between 17-26 years (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.21, 95%CI: 0.09-0.49),choice of partner by the women only (AOR = 3.26,95% CI:1.24-8.57) were statistically significant factors associated with intimate partner violence towards pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS:In this study, the prevalence of intimate partner violence during pregnancy is found to be high. As a result, interventions that would address the above mentioned factors need to be implemented.

SUBMITTER: Azene ZN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6602189 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Intimate partner violence and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care service in Debre Markos town health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia.

Azene Zelalem Nigussie ZN Yeshita Hedija Yenus HY Mekonnen Fantahun Ayenew FA

PloS one 20190701 7

<h4>Background</h4>Intimate partner violence is a thoughtful public health concern and human rights violation towards pregnant women for it has a significant negative health effect on the life of both the mother and her fetus. However, there is a scanty of information about the extent of intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Therefore, the current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence among pregnant women at ...[more]

PMID: 31260469

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Project description:Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Health professionals are at the frontline of COVID-19 pandemic exposure and are identified as a priority target group that needs to receive COVID-19 vaccines. Data on Ethiopian healthcare workers' use of the COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors, however, are scarce. Using a simple random sampling method, 398 health professionals were recruited through an institutional-based cross-sectional study design. Health professionals working in Debre Markos town public health facilities filled out a self-administered questionnaire that had been pretested to obtain the data. Then, the data were entered into Epi data version 4.2; and analyzed by SPSS 25. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis were computed after model assumptions were checked. The adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was calculated and statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05 after model adequacy was checked using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine among health professionals was 61.56% (95% CI: 56.67%, 66.23%). Factors associated with the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine were age > = 35 years (AOR: 4.39, 95% CI: 1.89, 10.19), having a higher income (>9056 Birr) (AOR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.03, 3.10), who practiced COVID-19 Prevention methods (AOR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.51, 3.77), Adulthood previous other immunization histories (AOR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.56) and having a chronic disease (AOR:1.90,95% CI: 1.07, 3.74). This study revealed that the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine was low. Age > = 35 years, having a higher income, who practiced COVID-19 prevention methods, having adulthood previous immunization histories, and having chronic disease were statistically significantly identified factors for COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Therefore, policymakers and health managers should think about the requirement of immunization of healthcare workers and develop plans for administering the COVID-19 vaccine.

Project description:BackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) refers to any behavior by either a current or ex-intimate partner or would-be rejected lover that causes physical, sexual, or psychological harm. It is the most common form of violence in women's lives. According to a World Health Organization report, about 1 in 3 women worldwide experience at least one form of IPV from an intimate partner at some point in her life. In the Gambia, about 62% of pregnant women experience at least one form of violence from an intimate partner. IPV has severe physical and mental health consequences on a woman ranging from minor bodily injury to death. It also increases the risk of low birth weight, premature delivery, and neonatal death.MethodsA health facility-based cross-sectional study design was carried out to assess the magnitude and factors associated with intimate partner violence among pregnant women seeking antenatal care in the rural Gambia. The study enrolled 373 pregnant women, and a multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the study participants. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Ver.22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the association between dependent and independent variables. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to determine the presence and strength of associated factors with IPV.ResultThe study reveals that the prevalence of IPV in The Gambia is 67%, with psychological violence (43%) being the most common form of IPV reported by the respondents. The multivariate logistic regression result reveals that being aged 35 years or older [AOR 5.1(95% CI 1.5-17.8)], the experience of parents quarreling during childhood [AOR 1.7(95% CI 1.0-2.75)], and having cigarette smoking partners [AOR 2.3 (95% CI 1.10-4.6)] were significantly associated with IPV during pregnancy.ConclusionThis study has demonstrated that all forms of IPV in rural Gambia are frequent. Women older than 35 years, had experienced parents quarreling, had a partner who smoked, and a partner who fight with others were more likely report IPV compared to other pregnant women in the study. We recommend that IPV screening should be included as an integral part of routine antenatal care services in The Gambia. Community-based interventions that include indigenous leaders, religious leaders, and other key stakeholders are crucial to create awareness on all forms of IPV and address the risk factors found to influence the occurrence of IPV in rural Gambia.

Project description:BackgroundIntestinal parasitosis is a common disease that causes misery and disability in poor populations. The number of individuals affected is staggering. From two billion peoples who harbor parasites worldwide, 300 million suffer severe morbidity and more than 25% of pregnant women are infected with hookworm, which causes intestinal bleeding and blood loss, and has been most commonly associated with anemia. Intestinal parasite infection during pregnancy has been associated with iron deficiency, maternal anemia, and impaired nutritional status, as well as decreased infant birth weight.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the effects of intestinal parasite infection on hematological profiles of pregnant women attending antenatal care in Debre Markos Referral Hospital from December 2017 to February 2019.MethodA prospective cohort study design was conducted among 94 intestinal parasite-infected pregnant women as an exposed group and 187 pregnant women free from intestinal parasite were used as a control group. The effect of intestinal parasites on hematological profiles of pregnant women was assessed at Debre Markos Referral Hospital antenatal care ward. Socio-demographic data and nutrition status were assessed by using structured questionnaires and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), respectively. Two ml of venous blood and 2 gm of stool samples were collected to analyze the hematological profiles and detect intestinal parasites, respectively. Wet mount and formol-ether concentration (FEC) techniques were used to detect intestinal parasites. Hematological profile was analyzed using Mind ray BC-3000 plus instrument. Data were double entered into EpiData version 3.1 software and exported to SPSS version 24 software for analysis. Results were presented using tables and graphs. Associations of hemoglobin levels with intestinal parasitic infections were determined using binary logistic regression models. P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean hematological profile difference between parasite-infected and parasite-free pregnant women was computed using independent t-test.ResultsIn the present study, the predominant parasites identified were Entamoeba histolytica, hookworm, Giardia lamblia, Schistosoma mansoni, and Ascaris lumbricoides. About 8.2% of intestinal parasite-infected pregnant women had mild anemia while 4% had moderate anemia. Only 1.2% of intestinal parasite-free pregnant women developed moderate anemia. The mean HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, and MCHC values of intestinal parasite-infected pregnant women were 12.8g/dl, 38.2%, 94.7fl, 33.1pg and 34.7g/dl, respectively. But the mean HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH and MCHC values of pregnant women who were free from intestinal parasites were 14.4 g/dl, 39.8%, 94.9fl, 33.9pg and 35.5g/dl, respectively. Anemia was strongly associated with hookworm (AOR = 21.29, 95%CI: 8.28-54.75, P<0.001), S.mansoni (AOR = 63.73, 95% CI: 19.15-212, P<0.001) and A.lumbricoide (AOR = 14.12, 95% CI 3.28-60.65, P<0.001).ConclusionIntestinal parasitic infection in pregnant women caused adverse impact on hematological profiles and was an independent predictor of anemia. Intestinal parasitic infection significantly decreased pregnant the level of HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, and MCHC values. To minimize maternal anemia deworming could be good before pregnancy.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Even though there are different tuberculosis (TB) prevention and control measures implemented globally including Ethiopia, TB is still major public health problem. This is partly due to compromised quality of care delivered for tuberculosis patients in health facilities (HFs) during diagnosis, treatment and follows-up. Thus this study is intended to determine the quality of care delivered for TB patients in all public HFs of Debre Tabor town, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS:Cross sectional study was conducted from January to May 2018. Data were collected with face-to-face interview and TB registration book review using structured questionnaire and checklist respectively. Collected data was entered and processed using SPSS and P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The quality of care for each HF was graded as very good, good, moderate, poor and very poor if HFs achieve [90-100%], [80-90%), [70-80%), [60-70%) and <60% of performance indicators respectively using Donabedian structure, process and outcome model of health care quality. RESULTS:All HFs have sputum collection area, enough microscopic slide, at least one functional microscope and sufficient anti TB drug supply. But HFs lack backup laboratory stains. Overall structural aspects of quality of care in all HFs were very poor achieving 42.5-52.9% structural performance indicators out of 100%. Similarly the overall process aspects of quality of care was poor in all public HFs which achieved 60-68.9% of the scores out of 100%. In the study; 68.9%, 54.5% and 80.6% of Medical Laboratory, pharmacy and other healthcare workers (HWs) provided correct response respectively on TB causative agent, risk factor, transmission, treatment, prevention, case management and case finding strategies. HWs who knew at least two TB case finding strategies in DTH was significantly higher than those HWs working in Health Centers (P = 0.004). On the other hand, except Ginbot 20 HC, HFs was graded as good by scoring 86.6-89.3% of performance indicators on the outcome aspects of quality of care. In all HFs studied, all TB patients' unit TB registration number, sex, age, TB category, treatment initiation date and intensive phase treatment start year were properly registered. Moreover 110 (78%) and 147 (69%) contact person address in DTH and HCs was properly registered on TB unit register book respectively with no statistical difference in hospital and HCs (P = 0.063). There was proper TB patients' address registration in hospital than HCs studied (P< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:The outcome aspects of quality of care for TB patients in all HFs were promising. But structural & process aspects of quality of care was compromised which necessitate different corrective actions to be taken by different stakeholders to enhance quality of care for TB patients in public HFs studied. Moreover based on the study findings, continuous supply of drugs, laboratory equipment and reagents, availing current guideline/s in HFs, providing up-to-date training for HWs on TB and proper documentation are important to improve quality of care provided for TB patients.

Dataset Information

Intimate partner violence and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care service in Debre Markos town health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia.

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Intimate partner violence and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care service in Debre Markos town health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia.

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