International Comparison of the Levels and Potential Correlates of Objectively Measured Sedentary Time and Physical Activity among Three-to-Four-Year-Old Children.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Dias KI
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6603940 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundCorrelates of physical activity (PA) are hypothesized to be context and behaviour specific, but there is limited evidence of this in young children. The aim of the current study is to investigate associations between personal, social and environmental factors and objectively measured light and moderate-to-vigorous PA (LPA and MVPA, respectively) in four-year-old children.MethodsCross-sectional data were used from the Southampton Women's Survey, a UK population-based longitudinal study. Four-year old children (n?=?487, 47.0% male) had valid PA data assessed using accelerometry (Actiheart) and exposure data collected with a validated maternal questionnaire (including data on child personality, family demographics, maternal behaviour, rules and restrictions, and perceived local environment). Linear regression modelling was used to analyse associations with LPA and MVPA separately, interactions with sex were explored.ResultsLPA minutes were greater in children whose mothers reported more PA (vs. inactive: regression coefficient±standard error: 6.70±2.94 minutes), and without other children in the neighbourhood to play with (-6.33±2.44). MVPA minutes were greater in children with older siblings (vs. none: 5.81±2.80) and those whose mothers used active transport for short trips (vs. inactive: 6.24±2.95). Children accumulated more MVPA in spring (vs. winter: 9.50±4.03) and, in boys only, less MVPA with availability of other children in the neighbourhood (-3.98±1.70).DiscussionYoung children's LPA and MVPA have differing associations with a number of social and environmental variables. Interventions targeting PA promotion in young children outside of formal care settings should consider including intensity specific factors.
| S-EPMC3764204 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe aim was to describe levels, patterns and correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior in a sample of Swedish children, two years of age, with normal weight, overweight and obese parents.MethodsData from 123 children, 37 with normal-weight parents and 86 with overweight/obese parents, enrolled in the Early Stockholm Obesity Prevention Project study was used. Children wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer for seven days. Average activity (counts per minute), number of steps and time spent in low and high-intensity physical activity and in sedentary was assessed. Differences between weekdays and weekend days were examined as were correlations with sex, body mass index (BMI), motor skills and family-related factors.ResultsChildren were active at high intensity 11% of the day. On average 55% of the day was spent being sedentary. Number of steps and time in low-intensity physical activity differed between weekdays and weekend days: on weekdays, 363 more steps (p = 0.01) and six more minutes in low physical activity (p = 0.04). No differences were found for any physical activity or sedentary behavior variable by sex, BMI, motor skills or any family-related variable (p = 0.07 - 0.95).ConclusionsTwo-year-old children have an intermittent activity pattern, that is almost similar on weekdays and they spend about half of the daytime active. The absence of any association with sex, BMI, motor skills or parental factors indicates that the individual variation in this age group is primarily due to endogenous factors.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov: NCT01198847 .
| S-EPMC4312603 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSedentary behaviours (SB) are highly prevalent in young people and may be adversely associated with physical and mental health. Understanding of the modifiable determinants of SB is necessary to inform the design of behaviour change interventions but much of the existing research is cross-sectional and focussed upon screen-based behaviours.PurposeTo examine the social, psychological and environmental determinants of change in children's objectively measured sedentary time from age 11 to 14 years.MethodsData are from the second (2008) and third (2011) waves of assessment in the Sport, Physical Activity, and Eating Behaviour: Environmental Determinants in Young People (SPEEDY) study, conducted in the county of Norfolk, United Kingdom. Longitudinal data on accelerometer assessed sedentary time were available for 316 (53.5% female, 11.2±0.3 years at baseline) and 264 children after-school and at the weekend respectively. Information on 14 candidate determinants, including school travel mode and electronic media ownership, was self-reported. Change in the proportion of registered time spent sedentary was used as the outcome variable in cross-classified linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index and baseline sedentary time. Simple and multiple models were run and interactions with sex explored.ResultsDaily sedentary time increased by 30-40 minutes after-school and at the weekend from baseline to follow-up. Participants who travelled to school by cycle exhibited smaller increases in after-school sedentary time (beta; 95%CI for change in % time spent sedentary: -3.3;-6.7,-0.07). No significant determinants of change in weekend sedentary time were identified.ConclusionsTime spent sedentary increased during the three-year duration of follow-up but few of the variables examined were significantly associated with changes in sedentary time. Children's mode of school travel may influence changes in their sedentary time over this period and should be examined further, alongside broader efforts to identify modifiable determinants of SB during childhood.
| S-EPMC5152854 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPhysical activity is an important component of health. Recommendations based on sensor measurements are sparse in older people. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of objectively measured walking and sedentary duration on four-year mortality in community-dwelling older people.MethodsBetween March 2009 and April 2010, physical activity of 1271 participants (?65 years, 56.4% men) from Southern Germany was measured over one week using a thigh-worn uni-axial accelerometer (activPAL; PAL Technologies, Glasgow, Scotland). Mortality was assessed during a four-year follow-up. Cox-proportional-hazards models were used to estimate the associations between walking (including low to high intensity) and sedentary duration with mortality. Models were adjusted for age and sex, additional epidemiological variables, and selected biomarkers.ResultsAn inverse relationship between walking duration and mortality with a minimum risk for the 3rd quartile (102.2 to128.4 minutes walking daily) was found even after multivariate adjustment with HRs for quartiles 2 to 4 compared to quartile 1 of 0.45 (95%-CI: 0.26; 0.76), 0.18 (95%-CI: 0.08; 0.41), 0.39 (95%-CI: 0.19; 0.78), respectively. For sedentary duration an age- and sex-adjusted increased mortality risk was observed for the 4th quartile (daily sedentary duration ?1137.2 min.) (HR 2.05, 95%-CI: 1.13; 3.73), which diminished, however, after full adjustment (HR 1.63, 95%-CI: 0.88; 3.02). Furthermore, our results suggest effect modification between walking and sedentary duration, such that in people with low walking duration a high sedentary duration was noted as an independent factor for increased mortality.ConclusionsIn summary, walking duration was clearly associated with four-year overall mortality in community-dwelling older people.
| S-EPMC4833405 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Emerging evidence indicates increased sedentary behavior is associated with poorer health outcomes and quality of life among cancer survivors. However, very little is known about which factors are associated with increased sedentary behavior. The purpose of the present study was to examine potential correlates of sedentary behavior among breast cancer survivors.We used hierarchical general linear modeling to examine the associations between demographic, disease-specific, and psychosocial factors at baseline and accelerometer-estimated daily proportion of time spent sedentary at 6 months in breast cancer survivors [n = 342; M age = 56.7 (SD = 9.4)]. All models adjusted for objectively measured moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity and sedentary behavior at baseline.The final model including all baseline potential predictor variables and physical activity and sedentary behavior explained 49.8 % of the variance in the proportion of daily time spent sedentary at 6 months. The following factors were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with increased sedentary behavior among breast cancer survivors: higher number of comorbidities, more advanced disease stage, and increased fatigue severity. Additionally, being treated with surgery and chemotherapy was significantly related to a lower proportion of time spent sedentary compared to women who had received surgery alone.This study provides preliminary insight into factors associated with sedentary behavior in breast cancer survivors. Future research is warranted to understand the potential demographic, disease-specific, psychosocial correlates of sedentary behavior to determine which correlates are potential mechanisms of behavior change and intervention targets.
| S-EPMC5507361 | biostudies-other
Project description:In adults, a minimum of 3-5 days of accelerometer monitoring is usually considered appropriate to obtain reliable estimates of physical activity (PA). However, a longer period of measurement might be needed to obtain reliable estimates of sedentary behavior (SED). The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of objectively assessed SED and PA in adults.Eighty-seven adult subjects (28 men; mean (standard deviation) age 31.3 (12.2) years; body mass index 23.7 (3.1) kg/m2) wore the GT3X+ accelerometer for 21 subsequent days, for which the reliability of different wear time criteria (8 to 12 h/day and 3 to 5 d/week) was explored. Variance partitioning along with the Spearman-Brown prophecy formula was used as the basis for determining intraclass-correlation coefficients (ICC) and the number of monitoring days needed (N) to achieve an ICC = 0.80. Week-by-week reliability was reported using ICC, Bland-Altman plots and absolute measures of agreement.Seven-10 days of monitoring was needed to reliably assess overall- (axis 1 and vector magnitude (VM) counts per minute (CPM)) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), 3-4 days was needed for light PA (LPA), whereas the number of days needed for SED depended on whether adjustments were made for wear time (6-8 days) or not (13-15 days). The week-by-week ICC was ?0.70 for all variables, with limits of agreement being ±267.8 cpm for CPM, ±352.3 cpm for VM CPM, ±76.8 min/day for SED, ±57.8 min/day for LPA and ±43.8 min/day for MVPA, equal to 1.0-1.6 standard deviations, when adjustment was made for wear time.For most variables, more than one week of measurement was needed to achieve an ICC = 0.80. Correcting for wear time was crucial to reliably determine SED. Considerable week-by-week variability was found for all variables. Researchers need to be aware of substantial intra-individual variability in accelerometer-measurements.
| S-EPMC4508000 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Sedentary behaviour increases the risk for morbidity. Our primary aim is to determine the proportion and factors associated with objectively measured total and occupational sedentary time in three work settings. Secondary aim is to study the proportion of physical activity and prolonged sedentary bouts.Data were obtained using ActiGraph accelerometers from employees of: 1) a financial service provider (n = 49 men, 31 women), 2) two research institutes (n = 30 men, 57 women), and 3) a construction company (n = 38 men). Total (over the whole day) and occupational sedentary time, physical activity and prolonged sedentary bouts (lasting ≥30 minutes) were calculated by work setting. Linear regression analyses were performed to examine general, health and work-related factors associated with sedentary time.The employees of the financial service provider and the research institutes spent 76-80% of their occupational time in sedentary behaviour, 18-20% in light intensity physical activity and 3-5% in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Occupational time in prolonged sedentary bouts was 27-30%. Total time was less sedentary (64-70%), and had more light intensity physical activity (26-33%). The employees of the construction company spent 44% of their occupational time in sedentary behaviour, 49% in light, and 7% in moderate intensity physical activity, and spent 7% in sedentary bouts. Total time spent in sedentary behavior was 56%, 40% in light, and 4% in moderate intensity physical behaviour, and 12% in sedentary bouts. For women, low to intermediate education was the only factor that was negatively associated with occupational sedentary time.Sedentary behaviour is high among white-collar employees, especially in highly educated women. A relatively small proportion of sedentary time was accrued in sedentary bouts. It is recommended that worksite health promotion efforts should focus on reducing sedentary behaviour through improving light intensity physical activity.
| S-EPMC4777435 | biostudies-other
Project description:The objective of this study was to compare patterns of objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA,???3.00 metabolic equivalents [METs]), light-intensity physical activity (LPA, 1.50-2.99 METs), and sedentary behavior (SB,?<?1.50 METs) in successful weight loss maintainers (WLMs), normal weight controls (NC), and controls with overweight/obesity (OC).Participants (18-65 y) were recruited in three groups: WLM (maintaining???13.6-kg weight loss for???1 year, n?=?30), NC (BMI matched to current BMI of WLM, n?=?33), and OC (BMI matched to pre-weight loss BMI of WLM, n?=?27). All participants wore the activPAL for 1 week.Compared with OC and NC, WLM spent more awake time in total MVPA (WLM: 9.6?±?3.9%, NC: 7.1?±?2.1%, OC: 5.9?±?2.0%; P?<?0.01) and more time in sustained (??10 min) bouts of MVPA (WLM: 39?±?33, NC: 17?±?14, OC: 9?±?11 min/d; P?<?0.01). Compared with OC, WLM and NC spent more awake time in LPA (WLM: 29.6?±?7.9%, NC: 29.1?±?8.3%, OC: 24.8?±?6.7%; P?=?0.04) and less awake time sedentary (WLM: 60.8?±?9.3%, NC: 63.8?±?9.5%, OC: 69.3?±?7.5%; P?<?0.01).Results provide additional data supporting the important role of MVPA in weight loss maintenance and suggest notable differences in LPA and SB between normal weight individuals and those with overweight/obesity. Increasing LPA and/or decreasing SB may be additional potential targets for weight management interventions.
| S-EPMC5739988 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundUnderstanding fluctuations in lifestyle indicators is important to identify relevant time periods to intervene in order to promote a healthy lifestyle; however, objective assessment of multiple lifestyle indicators has never been done using a repeated-measures design. The primary aim was, therefore, to examine between-season and within-week variation in physical activity, sedentary behaviour, cardio-respiratory fitness and sleep duration among 8-11 year-old children.MethodsA total of 1021 children from nine Danish schools were invited to participate and 834 accepted. Due to missing data, 730 children were included in the current analytical sample. An accelerometer was worn for 7 days and 8 nights during autumn, winter and spring, from which physical activity, sedentary time and sleep duration were measured. Cardio-respiratory fitness was assessed using a 10-min intermittent running test.ResultsThe children had 5% more sedentary time, 23% less time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and 2% longer sleep duration during winter compared to spring and cardio-respiratory fitness was 4% higher during spring compared to autumn (P < 0.001). Sedentary time was higher and total physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sleep duration (boys only) were lower during weekends at all seasons (P ≤ 0.01). Intraclass correlation coefficients between seasons ranged from 0.47-0.74, leaving 45-78% to seasonal variation.ConclusionsOverall, sedentary time was higher and physical activity lower during winter and during weekends. The most accurate and unbiased estimates of physical activity came from autumn; however, the considerable intra-individual variation suggests that a single measurement may not adequately characterise children's habitual sleep and activity.
| S-EPMC3846279 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As the detrimental health effects of sedentary behaviour are well established, insight into the individual and environmental factors that influence adults' sedentary behaviour is needed. Most studies to date rely on self-reported measures of sedentary time. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine individual and environmental correlates of objectively measured sedentary time in Dutch and Belgian adults. Between March and August 2014, Belgian (n = 133) and Dutch (n = 223) adults, recruited as sub-sample of the SPOTLIGHT survey, wore an ActiGraph accelerometer to provide objectively measured sedentary and moderate to vigorous physical activity time. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing sociodemographic (country of residence, age, gender and educational level), lifestyle (sleep, smoking, sugar-containing beverage consumption, alcohol intake), health (body mass index, self-rated health), work (employment status and type of work), happiness, physical environmental (owning a car, number of screens, socioeconomic status and residential density) and social environmental factors (social network, social cohesion). Univariate and multivariable regression analyses showed that Belgian participants had a lower odds of being sedentary for at least 9 hours per day compared to Dutch participants. Women, older participants and those meeting the WHO recommendation for physical activity were also less likely to sit for 9 hours or more per day. Participants doing (heavy) manual work or being in education, homemaker, unemployed had lower odds of being sedentary for at least 9 hours per day compared to participants with a sitting job. Those with a higher self-reported social network also had lower odds for sedentary time. No associations between physical and other social environmental characteristics and sedentary time were found. Our findings add to the growing evidence of factors associated with prolonged sedentary time in adults. These findings may be used to inform the development of strategies and interventions aimed at reducing sedentary time, and to identify high risk groups.
| S-EPMC5645140 | biostudies-literature