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Reciprocal relationship between psychosocial work stress and quality of life: the role of gender and education from the longitudinal study of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To investigate the reciprocal relationship between psychosocial work stress and quality of life (QoL) and to examine whether the relationship can be moderated by gender or education. DESIGN:Longitudinal, population-based study. SETTING:The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). PARTICIPANTS:The study population was derived from the SHARE, and there were 2006 participants with good QoL at baseline, 1109 with high job control and 1072 with high job reward, respectively, who were followed up for 2 years to detect incidence of poor QoL, low job control and low job reward. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Logistic regression models were employed to explore the reciprocal relationship between psychological work stress and QoL. Stratification analyses by gender and education were performed. RESULTS:Participants with low reward (OR=1.53, 95% CI?1.26 to 1.88) and low control (OR=1.40, 95%?CI 1.14 to 1.71) at baseline were at higher risk of poor QoL over the 2-year follow-up. The combination of low reward and low control further increased the risk (OR=1.90, 95%?CI 1.46 to 2.48). Stratified analyses revealed that these associations were more pronounced among those who had high levels of education. Further, individuals with poor QoL were at significantly higher risk of having low reward (OR=2.14, 95%?CI 1.55 to 2.96) but not low control (OR=1.33, 95% CI0.98 to 1.79) at the 2-year follow-up, especially among those who had medium levels of education. No gender differences were found. CONCLUSIONS:There is a reciprocal relationship between psychological work stress and poor QoL. Education may play an important role in the relationship.

SUBMITTER: Lu YK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6609044 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Reciprocal relationship between psychosocial work stress and quality of life: the role of gender and education from the longitudinal study of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe.

Lu Ya-Ke YK Qiao Ya-Mei YM Liang Xiao X Yao Wu W Yan Zhen Z Wang Hui-Xin HX Pei Jin-Jing JJ

BMJ open 20190627 6

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the reciprocal relationship between psychosocial work stress and quality of life (QoL) and to examine whether the relationship can be moderated by gender or education.<h4>Design</h4>Longitudinal, population-based study.<h4>Setting</h4>The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).<h4>Participants</h4>The study population was derived from the SHARE, and there were 2006 participants with good QoL at baseline, 1109 with high job control and 1072 with ...[more]

PMID: 31253617

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Project description:AimsDepression is among the main contributors to older adults' mental health burden. Retirement, one of the major life transitions, has been claimed to influence mental health substantially. Following up on a previous meta-analysis, the study aims to assess from a longitudinal perspective short- and long-term impacts of transitioning to retirement on depression risk and suicidality in older adults across Europe.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal study using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), collected between 2004 and 2020 in 27 European countries plus Israel. To estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for depression and suicidality at seven time intervals before and after retirement, we fitted adjusted generalized estimating equation models for repeated measures.ResultsWe included 8,998 individuals employed at baseline and retired at follow-up (median follow-up time: 9 years; maximum: 16 years). Compared to the year of retirement, the risk of depression was 11% lower in the following year (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.81-0.99), 9% lower after 2 years (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.82-1.00) and after 3 years (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.81-1.01). Significant estimates remained among females, married individuals, those with an intermediate or higher level of education, former manual workers and those who retired at or before their country's median retirement age. A significant increase in depressive symptoms emerged from the tenth year after retirement among former non-manual workers (RR 1.21; 95% CI 1.05-1.40) and late retirees (RR 1.37; 95% CI 1.16-1.63). No heterogeneity emerged among strata. As for suicidality, we reported an increase in risk only 5 years or more after retirement, namely +30% 5-9 years after retirement (RR 1.30; 95% CI 1.04-1.64) and +47% 10 or more years after retirement (RR 1.47; 95% CI 1.09-1.98). Sensitivity analyses excluding subjects who reported a diagnosis of depression over the study period and those retirees who declared to receive a disability pension confirmed the results obtained in the overall analysis.ConclusionsLongitudinal adjusted data suggest an independent effect of retiring associated with a reduction in depression and suicidality risk in the short run, with its effect decreasing in the long run. Such trends are particularly evident among selected subgroups of elderly populations. If greater flexibility in pensionable age may help prevent depression late in life, the transition to retirement is to be accompanied by targeted health promotion interventions. In an ageing society, welfare policies should be evaluated, considering their long-term impact on mental health.

Dataset Information

Reciprocal relationship between psychosocial work stress and quality of life: the role of gender and education from the longitudinal study of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe.

Publications

Reciprocal relationship between psychosocial work stress and quality of life: the role of gender and education from the longitudinal study of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe.

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