Dataset Information

Self reported adherence to antiretroviral treatment and correlates in Hunan province, the Peoples Republic of China.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

This study aimed to describe the adherence level to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among people living with HIV in Hunan province, China.

Methods

Across-sectional survey study was done at two major HIV treatment sites within Hunan province in China from July 2011 to Oct 2012 through face-to-face interviews. Adherence measures were captured using a 30-day visual analog scale (VAS).

Results

A total of 418 participants consented and completed the questionnaires with the mean age being 38 years old. Based on VAS, 28% of the participants had lower than 90% ART adherence level. The main reasons for missing drugs were; forgetting, being away from home, being busy and feeling worse after taking drugs. Logistic regression results showed that drug use (B?=?0.68, OR?=?2.11), time on ART (B?=?-0.31, OR?=?0.72) and side effects (B?=?0.64, OR?=?1.82) were significantly associated with adherence to ART.

Conclusion

Patients on ARVs in Hunan province are faced with adherence challenges notably drug abuse, drug regime scheduling challenges at the initial stages of therapy and drug side effects. It is therefore necessary to institute specific adherence interventions that target those who abuse drugs, ART naïve patients, and those experiencing side effects in order to achieve optimal ART adherence.

SUBMITTER: Kipsang J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6626245 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Self reported adherence to antiretroviral treatment and correlates in Hunan province, the Peoples Republic of China.

Kipsang John J Chen Jia J Tang Chulei C Li Xianhong X Wang Honghong H

International journal of nursing sciences 20180414 2

<h4>Aims</h4>This study aimed to describe the adherence level to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among people living with HIV in Hunan province, China.<h4>Methods</h4>Across-sectional survey study was done at two major HIV treatment sites within Hunan province in China from July 2011 to Oct 2012 through face-to-face interviews. Adherence measures were captured using a 30-day visual analog scale (VAS).<h4>Results</h4>A total of 418 participants consented and completed the questi ...[more]

PMID: 31406819

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Project description:Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a bacterial pathogen worldwide. China has the third highest TB burden in the world, with a high reported burden in Hunan Province (amongst others). This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of TB and identify socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental drivers in Hunan Province, China. Numbers of reported cases of TB were obtained from the Tuberculosis Control Institute of Hunan Province, China. A wide range of covariates were collected from different sources, including from the Worldclim database, and the Hunan Bureau of Statistics. These variables were summarized at the county level and linked with TB notification data. Spatial clustering of TB was explored using Moran's I statistic and the Getis-Ord statistic. Poisson regression models were developed with a conditional autoregressive (CAR) prior structure, and with posterior parameters estimated using a Bayesian approach with Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. A total of 323,340 TB cases were reported to the Hunan TB Control Institute from 2013 to 2018. The mean age of patients was 51.7 years (SD + 17.6 years). The majority of the patients were male (72.6%, n = 234,682) and had pulmonary TB (97.5%, n = 315,350). Of 319,825 TB patients with registered treatment outcomes, 306,107 (95.7%) patients had a successful treatment outcome. The annual incidence of TB decreased over time from 85.5 per 100,000 population in 2013 to 76.9 per 100,000 population in 2018. TB case numbers have shown seasonal variation, with the highest number of cases reported during the end of spring and the beginning of summer. Spatial clustering of TB incidence was observed at the county level, with hotspot areas detected in the west part of Hunan Province. The spatial clustering of TB incidence was significantly associated with low sunshine exposure (RR: 0.86; 95% CrI: 0.74, 0.96) and a low prevalence of contraceptive use (RR: 0.88; 95% CrI: 0.79, 0.98). Substantial spatial clustering and seasonality of TB incidence were observed in Hunan Province, with spatial patterns associated with environmental and health care factors. This research suggests that interventions could be more efficiently targeted at locations and times of the year with the highest transmission risk.

Project description:BackgroundThere are few data on the prevalence of WHO transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRs) that could affect treatment responses to first line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Hunan Province, China.ObjectiveDetermine the prevalence of WHO NRTI/NNRTI/PI TDRs in ART-naïve subjects in Hunan Province by deep sequencing.MethodsART-naïve subjects diagnosed in Hunan between 2010-2011 were evaluated by deep sequencing for low-frequency HIV variants possessing WHO TDRs to 1% levels. Mutations were scored using the HIVdb.stanford.edu algorithm to infer drug susceptibility.ResultsDeep sequencing was performed on samples from 90 ART-naïve subjects; 83.3% were AE subtype. All subjects had advanced disease (average CD4 count 134 cells/mm3). Overall 25.6%(23/90) of subjects had HIV with major WHO NRTI/NNRTI TDRs by deep sequencing at a variant frequency level ≥ 1%; 16.7%(15/90) had NRTI TDR and 12.2%(11/90) had a major NNRTI TDR. The majority of NRTI/NNRTI mutations were identified at variant levels <5%. Mutations were analyzed by HIVdb.stanford.edu and 7.8% of subjects had variants with high-level nevirapine resistance; 4.4% had high-level NRTI resistance. Deep sequencing identified 24(27.6%) subjects with variants possessing either a PI TDR or hivdb.stanford.edu PI mutation (algorithm value ≥ 15). 17(19.5%) had PI TDRs at levels >1%.ConclusionsART-naïve subjects from Hunan Province China infected predominantly with subtype AE frequently possessed HIV variants with WHO NRTI/NNRTI TDRs by deep sequencing that would affect the first line ART used in the region. Specific mutations conferring nevirapine high-level resistance were identified in 7.8% of subjects. The majority of TDRs detected were at variant levels <5% likely due to subjects having advanced chronic disease at the time of testing. PI TDRs were identified frequently, but were found in isolation and at low variant frequency. As PI/r use is infrequent in Hunan, the existence of PI mutations likely represent AE subtype natural polymorphism at low variant level frequency.

Dataset Information

Self reported adherence to antiretroviral treatment and correlates in Hunan province, the Peoples Republic of China.

Aims

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Self reported adherence to antiretroviral treatment and correlates in Hunan province, the Peoples Republic of China.

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