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Characterization of Two Novel Intronic Variants Affecting Splicing in FBN1-Related Disorders.

ABSTRACT: FBN1 encodes fibrillin 1, a key structural component of the extracellular matrix, and its variants are associated with a wide range of hereditary connective tissues disorders, such as Marfan syndrome (MFS) and mitral valve-aorta-skeleton-skin (MASS) syndrome. Interpretations of the genomic data and possible genotype-phenotype correlations in FBN1 are complicated by the high rate of intronic variants of unknown significance. Here, we report two unrelated individuals with the FBN1 deep intronic variants c.6872-24T>A and c.7571-12T>A, clinically associated with MFS and MASS syndrome, respectively. The individual carrying the c.6872-24T>A variant is positive for aortic disease. Both individuals lacked ectopia lentis. In silico analysis and subsequent mRNA study by RT-PCR demonstrated the effect of the identified variant on the splicing process in both cases. The c.6872-24T>A and c.7571-12T>A variants generate the retention of intronic nucleotides and lead to the introduction of a premature stop codon. This study enlarges the mutation spectrum of FBN1 and points out the importance of intronic sequence analysis and the need for integrative functional studies in FBN1 diagnostics.

SUBMITTER: Fusco C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6627396 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Characterization of Two Novel Intronic Variants Affecting Splicing in FBN1-Related Disorders.

Fusco Carmela C Morlino Silvia S Micale Lucia L Ferraris Alessandro A Grammatico Paola P Castori Marco M

Genes 20190610 6

FBN1 encodes fibrillin 1, a key structural component of the extracellular matrix, and its variants are associated with a wide range of hereditary connective tissues disorders, such as Marfan syndrome (MFS) and mitral valve-aorta-skeleton-skin (MASS) syndrome. Interpretations of the genomic data and possible genotype-phenotype correlations in FBN1 are complicated by the high rate of intronic variants of unknown significance. Here, we report two unrelated individuals with the FBN1 ...[more]

PMID: 31185693

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase (ECHS1) is a multifunctional mitochondrial matrix enzyme involved in the second step of mitochondrial fatty acid ?-oxidation. Mitochondrial diseases resulting from ECHS1 mutations are often characterised by encephalopathy, deafness, epilepsy, optic atrophy, cardiomyopathy, dystonia, and lactic acidosis. In this study, we report two novel heterogeneous variants, c.414?+?5G?>?A (in intron 3) and c.310C?>?G (in CDS), of ECHS1 in an infant with mitochondrial encephalopathy. CASE PRESENTATION:The two novel variants, c.414?+?5G?>?A (Chr10:135183403) in intron 3 and c.310C?>?G (Chr10:135183512) in CDS, were identified by next generation sequencing (NGS). A minigene assay was used to analyse the function of the c.414?+?5G?>?A variant. ECHS1 enzyme activity was measured by spectrophotometry in the patient-derived myoblasts. The 2-year old patient presented with mitochondrial encephalopathy since birth. Clinical features were encephalopathy, epilepsy, and hindered psychomotor and language development. Serum lactate and blood ammonia levels were elevated, and brain magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormal signals in the bilateral frontal, parietal, and occipital cortices and brainstem and basal ganglia. We found two novel heterogeneous variants in ECHS1 in this patient. Minigene assay revealed the c.414?+?5G?>?A variant as the cause of intronic cryptic splice site activation and 39?bp deletion in mature mRNA. In silico analysis predicted that c.310C?>?G might change glutamine (Q) to glutamic acid (E) in the 104th amino acid sequence (p.Q104E). To investigate the impact of these two variants on protein function, we constructed a 3D model of human ECHS1 and showed that the variants might alter the highly conserved region in close proximity to the active site, which might hinder, or even halt, enzymatic activity. The experimental assay showed that ECHS1 enzyme activity in the patient-derived myoblasts decreased compared to that in control. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings are the first to report a mitochondrial encephalopathy infant carrying two novel ECHS1 variants, c.414?+?5G?>?A and c.310C?>?G, which might be deleterious variants, function as pathogenicity markers for mitochondrial encephalopathy, and facilitate disease diagnosis.

Dataset Information

Characterization of Two Novel Intronic Variants Affecting Splicing in FBN1-Related Disorders.

Publications

Characterization of Two Novel Intronic Variants Affecting <i>Splicing</i> in <i>FBN1</i>-Related Disorders.

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