Dataset Information

Dietary Inflammatory Index and Odds of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in A Case-Control Study from Iran.

ABSTRACT: Chronic inflammation is implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor; colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP). Some dietary factors are important triggers for systemic inflammation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and the risk of CRC and CAP in an Iranian case-control study. 134 newly diagnosed CRC patients, 130 newly diagnosed CAP patients, and 240 hospitalized controls were recruited using convenience sampling. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were computed based on dietary intake assessed using a reproducible and valid 148-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) after adjusting for confounders. The E-DII score ranged between -4.23 (the most anti-inflammatory score) to +3.89 (the most pro-inflammatory score). The multivariable-adjusted ORs for participants in the 3rd tertile compared to the 1st tertile was 5.08 (95%CI: 2.70-9.56; P-trend < 0.0001) for CRC and 2.33 (95% CI: 1.30-4.02; P-trend = 0.005) for CAP. Our findings suggest that more pro-inflammatory diets, indicated by higher E-DII scores, might increase the risk of both CRC and CAP. Future steps should include testing these associations in a prospective setting in Iran.

SUBMITTER: Rafiee P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6628332 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dietary Inflammatory Index and Odds of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in A Case-Control Study from Iran.

Rafiee Pegah P Shivappa Nitin N Hébert James R JR Nasab Saeede Jaafari SJ Bahrami Alireza A Hekmatdoost Azita A Rashidkhani Bahram B Sadeghi Amir A Houshyari Mohammad M Hejazi Ehsan E

Nutrients 20190528 6

<h4>Background</h4>Chronic inflammation is implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor; colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP). Some dietary factors are important triggers for systemic inflammation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII<sup>®</sup>) and the risk of CRC and CAP in an Iranian case-control study.<h4>Methods</h4>134 newly diagnosed CRC patients, 130 newly diagnosed CAP patients, and 2 ...[more]

PMID: 31142015

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Project description:Colorectal tumors mostly arise from sporadic adenomatous polyps. Polyps are defined as a mass of cells that protrudes into the lumen of the colon. Adenomatous polyps are benign neoplasms that, by definition display some characteristics of dysplasia. It has been shown that polyps were benign tumors which may undergo malignant transformation. Adenomatous polyps have been classified into three histologic types; tubular, tubulovillous, and villous with increasing malignant potential. The ability to differentially diagnose these colorectal adenomatous polyps is important for therapeutic intervention. To date, little efforts have been directed to identifying genetic changes involved in adenomatous polyps. This study was designed to examine the relevance of mitochondrial genome alterations in the three adenomatous polyps. Using high resolution restriction endonucleases and PCR-based sequencing, fifty-seven primary fresh frozen tissues of adenomatous polyps (37 tumors and 20 matched surrounding normal tissues) obtained from the southern regional Cooperative Human Tissue Network (CHTN) and Grady Memorial Hospital at Atlanta were screened with three mtDNA regional primer pairs that spanned 5.9 kbp. Results from our data analyses revealed the presence of forty-four variants in some of these mitochondrial genes that the primers spanned; COX I, II, III, ATP 6, 8, CYT b, ND 5, 6 and tRNAs. Based on the MITODAT database as a sequence reference, 25 of the 44 (57%) variants observed were unreported. Notably, a heteroplasmic variant C8515G/T in the MT-ATP 8 gene and a germline variant 8327delA in the tRNAlys was observed in all the tissue samples of the three adenomatous polyps in comparison to the referenced database sequence. A germline variant G9055A in the MT-ATP 6 gene had a frequency of 100% (17/17) in tubular and 57% (13/23) in villous adenomas; no corresponding variant was in tubulovillous adenomas. Furthermore, A9006G variant at MT-ATP 6 gene was observed at frequency of 57% (13/23) in villous adenomas only. Interestingly, variants A9006G and G9055A were absent in the villous tissue samples that were clinicopathological designated as "polyvillous adenomas". Our current data provide a basis for continued investigation of certain mtDNA variants as predictors of the three adenomatous polyps in a larger number of clinicopathological specimens.

Project description:BackgroundEnergy metabolism in carcinogenesis is poorly understood. It is widely accepted the majority of colorectal cancers (CRCs) arise from adenomatous polyps (APs). We aimed to characterize the bioenergetic alterations in APs and CRCs.MethodsFifty-six APs, 93 CRCs and adjacent normal mucosae were tested. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured representing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR)was measured representing glycolysis. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and mutations were studied. Over-expressed metabolic genes in APs were identified by microarray and validated by qRT-PCR, Western blots and immunohistochemistry. Identified genes were knocked down in WiDr and colo205 CRC cell lines, and their expression was analyzed in APs/CRCs with enhanced glycolysis.FindingsECAR, not OCR, was significantly increased in APs. While no difference of ECAR was found between CRCs and normal mucosae, OCR was significantly reduced in CRCs. OCR/ECAR ratio was decreased in APs over 1 cm, APs with a villous component and CRCs, indicating their glycolytic tendencies. The number of mtDNA mutations was increased in APs and CRCs, but not correlated with metabolic profiles. Two metabolic genes ALDOB and SLC16A4 were up-regulated in APs. Both ALDOB-knockdown and SLC16A4-knockdown CRC cell lines showed increased basal motichondrial OxPhos and decreased basal glycolysis. Moreover, the increase of mitochondrial ATP-linked respiration and the decrease of glycolytic capacity were showed in SLC16A4-knockdown cells. Finally, APs/CRCs with enhanced glycolysis had increased SLC16A4 expression.InterpretationATP production shifts from OxPhos to glycolysis in the process of AP enlargement and villous transformation. OxPhos defects are present in CRCs but not in APs. APs and CRCs tend to accumulate mtDNA mutations, but these are not correlated with bioenergetic profiles. Finally, the ALDOB and SLC16A4 may contribute to the glycolytic shift in APs/CRCs.

Project description:BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) has been placed among top three cancer sites in high income countries. Although there are several inconsistencies across studies it is widely accepted that diet contributes to approximately 70% of CRC. Several dietary factors have been investigated; however, the knowledge about the role of trace elements and their interplay with other dietary factors in CRC odds is limited. The aim of the study was to estimate the odds ratio of colorectal cancer associated with the content of selenium in diet, and to check whether dietary calcium is a modifier of selenium effect in the population characterized by low selenium intake.MethodsFace-to-face interviews were used to gather data on dietary habits (by 148-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire) and covariates among 683 histologically confirmed incident colorectal cancer cases and 759 hospital-based controls in a case-control study. Data was collected in a period between 2000 and 2012.SettingLesser Poland, Central Europe. Logistic regression models were used to assess the role of dietary selenium intake and calcium-selenium interaction in colorectal cancer odds.ResultsAfter the adjustment for several covariates dietary selenium was associated with the decrease of colorectal cancer odds by 8% (OR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.84-0.99 for every 10μg Se/day increase). In individuals with lower (< 1000 mg/day) calcium content the odds of colorectal cancer was decreased by 13%(for every 10μg Se/day) and by 44% and 66% depending on the categories of selenium intake (60 to < 80 μg/day and ≥ 80 μg/day, respectively). The effect of dietary selenium was modified by dietary calcium (p for interaction < .005).ConclusionsThe study has shown a beneficial effect of dietary selenium for colorectal cancer and a modification effect of dietary calcium in a population characterized by lower levels of selenium intake. The results provide the basis for well-planned controlled trials to confirm the findings.

Dataset Information

Dietary Inflammatory Index and Odds of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in A Case-Control Study from Iran.

Publications

Dietary Inflammatory Index and Odds of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in A Case-Control Study from Iran.

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