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Identification and Characterization of a Novel Robigovirus Species from Sweet Cherry in Turkey.

ABSTRACT: High throughput sequencing of total RNA isolated from symptomatic leaves of a sweet cherry tree (Prunus avium cv. 0900 Ziraat) from Turkey identified a new member of the genus Robigovirus designated cherry virus Turkey (CVTR). The presence of the virus was confirmed by electron microscopy and overlapping RT-PCR for sequencing its whole-genome. The virus has a ssRNA genome of 8464 nucleotides which encodes five open reading frames (ORFs) and comprises two non-coding regions, 5' UTR and 3' UTR of 97 and 296 nt, respectively. Compared to the five most closely related robigoviruses, RdRp, TGB1, TGB2, TGB3 and CP share amino acid identities ranging from 43-53%, 44-60%, 39-43%, 38-44% and 45-50%, respectively. Unlike the four cherry robigoviruses, CVTR lacks ORFs 2a and 5a. Its genome organization is therefore more similar to African oil palm ringspot virus (AOPRV). Using specific primers, the presence of CVTR was confirmed in 15 sweet cherries and two sour cherries out of 156 tested samples collected from three regions in Turkey. Among them, five samples were showing slight chlorotic symptoms on the leaves. It seems that CVTR infects cherry trees with or without eliciting obvious symptoms, but these data should be confirmed by bioassays in woody and possible herbaceous hosts in future studies.

SUBMITTER: Caglayan K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6631170 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) is one of the economically valuable horticultural fruit trees and it is widely cultivated throughout the world. Whirly (WHY) genes are a unique gene family with few members and have important biological functions in plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stress. This study utilized whole-genome identification to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the WHY genes in sweet cherry and examined their transcription levels in different tissues and under abiotic stress to explore their functions. Two WHY genes were identified in the sweet cherry genome and named PavWHY1 and PavWHY2, respectively, based on their homology with those in Arabidopsis thaliana. Both genes have theoretical isoelectric points greater than seven and are hydrophilic proteins, suggesting that they may be localized in plastids. The two genes are evolutionarily classified into two categories, with large differences in gene structure, and highly similar protein tertiary structures, and both have conserved domains of WHY. PavWHY1 and PavWHY2 are collinear with AtWHY1 and AtWHY2, respectively. The promoter sequence contains cis-acting elements related to hormones and abiotic stress, which are differentially expressed during flower bud differentiation, fruit development, and cold accumulation. qRT-PCR showed that PavWHY1 and PavWHY2 were differentially expressed in flower and fruit development and responded to low temperature and exogenous ABA treatment. The recombinant plasmid pGreenII-0800-Luc with the promoters of these two genes can activate luciferase expression in tobacco. Protein interaction predictions indicate that these gene products may interact with other proteins. This study reveals the molecular features, evolutionary relationships, and expression patterns of sweet cherry WHY genes, and investigates the activities of their promoters, which lays the foundation for further exploration of their biological functions and provides new insights into the WHY gene family in Rosaceae.

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Identification and Characterization of a Novel Robigovirus Species from Sweet Cherry in Turkey.

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