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Novel organ-specific genetic factors for quantitative resistance to late blight in potato.

ABSTRACT: Potato, Solanum tuberosum, is one of the major consumed food in the world, being the basis of the diet of millions of people. The main limiting and destructive disease of potato is late blight, caused by Phytophtora infestans. Here, we present a multi-environmental analysis of the response to P. infestans using an association panel of 150 accessions of S. tuberosum Group Phureja, evaluated in two localities in Colombia. Disease resistance data were merged with a genotyping matrix of 83,862 SNPs obtained by 2b-restriction site-associated DNA and Genotyping by sequencing approaches into a Genome-wide association study. We are reporting 16 organ-specific QTL conferring resistance to late blight. These QTL explain between 13.7% and 50.9% of the phenotypic variance. Six and ten QTL were detected for resistance response in leaves and stem, respectively. In silico analysis revealed 15 candidate genes for resistance to late blight. Four of them have no functional genome annotation, while eleven candidate genes code for diverse proteins, including a leucine-rich repeat kinase.

SUBMITTER: Juyo Rojas DK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6634379 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Novel organ-specific genetic factors for quantitative resistance to late blight in potato.

Juyo Rojas Deissy Katherine DK Soto Sedano Johana Carolina JC Ballvora Agim A Léon Jens J Mosquera Vásquez Teresa T

PloS one 20190716 7

Potato, Solanum tuberosum, is one of the major consumed food in the world, being the basis of the diet of millions of people. The main limiting and destructive disease of potato is late blight, caused by Phytophtora infestans. Here, we present a multi-environmental analysis of the response to P. infestans using an association panel of 150 accessions of S. tuberosum Group Phureja, evaluated in two localities in Colombia. Disease resistance data were merged with a genotyping matrix of 83,862 SNPs ...[more]

PMID: 31310605

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Project description:Resistance to pathogens is essential for survival of wild and cultivated plants. Pathogen susceptibility causes major losses of crop yield and quality. Durable field resistance combined with high yield and other superior agronomic characters are therefore, important objectives in every crop breeding program. Precision and efficacy of resistance breeding can be enhanced by molecular diagnostic tools, which result from knowledge of the molecular basis of resistance and susceptibility. Breeding uses resistance conferred by single R genes and polygenic quantitative resistance. The latter is partial but considered more durable. Molecular mechanisms of plant pathogen interactions are elucidated mainly in experimental systems involving single R genes, whereas most genes important for quantitative resistance in crops like potato are unknown. Quantitative resistance of potato to Phytophthora infestans causing late blight is often compromised by late plant maturity, a negative agronomic character. Our objective was to identify candidate genes for quantitative resistance to late blight not compromised by late plant maturity. We used diagnostic DNA-markers to select plants with different field levels of maturity corrected resistance (MCR) to late blight and compared their leaf transcriptomes before and after infection with P. infestans using SuperSAGE (serial analysis of gene expression) technology and next generation sequencing. We identified 2034 transcripts up or down regulated upon infection, including a homolog of the kiwi fruit allergen kiwellin. 806 transcripts showed differential expression between groups of genotypes with contrasting MCR levels. The observed expression patterns suggest that MCR is in part controlled by differential transcript levels in uninfected plants. Functional annotation suggests that, besides biotic and abiotic stress responses, general cellular processes such as photosynthesis, protein biosynthesis, and degradation play a role in MCR.

Project description:Late blight (LB) caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary is the greatest threat to potato production worldwide. Current potato breeding for LB resistance heavily depends on the introduction of new genes for resistance to P. infestans (Rpi genes). Such genes have been discovered in highly diverse wild, primitive, and cultivated species of tuber-bearing potatoes (Solanum L. section Petota Dumort.) and introgressed into the elite potato cultivars by hybridization and transgenic complementation. Unfortunately, even the most resistant potato varieties have been overcome by LB due to the arrival of new pathogen strains and their rapid evolution. Therefore, novel sources for germplasm enhancement comprising the broad-spectrum Rpi genes are in high demand with breeders who aim to provide durable LB resistance. The Genbank of the N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) in St. Petersburg harbors one of the world's largest collections of potato and potato relatives. In this study, LB resistance was evaluated in a core selection representing 20 species of seven Petota series according to the Hawkes (1990) classification: Bulbocastana (Rydb.) Hawkes, Demissa Buk., Longipedicellata Buk., Maglia Bitt., Pinnatisecta (Rydb.) Hawkes, Tuberosa (Rydb.) Hawkes (wild and cultivated species), and Yungasensa Corr. LB resistance was assessed in 96 accessions representing 18 species in the laboratory test with detached leaves using a highly virulent and aggressive isolate of P. infestans. The Petota species notably differed in their LB resistance: S. bulbocastanum Dun., S. demissum Lindl., S. cardiophyllum Lindl., and S. berthaultii Hawkes stood out at a high frequency of resistant accessions (7-9 points on a 9-point scale). Well-established specific SCAR markers of ten Rpi genes-Rpi-R1, Rpi-R2/Rpi-blb3, Rpi-R3a, Rpi-R3b, Rpi-R8, Rpi-blb1/Rpi-sto1, Rpi-blb2, and Rpi-vnt1-were used to mine 117 accessions representing 20 species from seven Petota series. In particular, our evidence confirmed the diverse Rpi gene location in two American continents. The structural homologs of the Rpi-R2, Rpi-R3a, Rpi-R3b, and Rpi-R8 genes were found in the North American species other than S. demissum, the species that was the original source of these genes for early potato breeding, and in some cases, in the South American Tuberosa species. The Rpi-blb1/Rpi-sto1 orthologs from S. bulbocastanum and S. stoloniferum Schlechtd et Bché were restricted to genome B in the Mesoamerican series Bulbocastana, Pinnatisecta, and Longipedicellata. The structural homologs of the Rpi-vnt1 gene that were initially identified in the South American species S. venturii Hawkes and Hjert. were reported, for the first time, in the North American series of Petota species.

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Dataset Information

Novel organ-specific genetic factors for quantitative resistance to late blight in potato.

Publications

Novel organ-specific genetic factors for quantitative resistance to late blight in potato.

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