Ethanol induces interferon expression in neurons via TRAIL: role of astrocyte-to-neuron signaling.

ABSTRACT: RATIONALE:Alcohol use disorder (AUD) involves dysregulation of innate immune signaling in brain. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), an innate immune receptor that is upregulated in post-mortem human alcoholics, leads to induction of interferon (IFN) signaling. IFNs have been linked to depressive-like symptoms and therefore may play a role in addiction pathology. Astrocyte-neuronal signaling may contribute to maladaptation of neuronal circuits. OBJECTIVES:In this manuscript, we examine ethanol (EtOH) induction of IFN signaling in neuronal, astrocyte, and microglial cell lines and assess astrocyte-neuronal interactions. METHODS:U373 astrocytes, SH-SY5Y neurons, and BV2 microglia were treated with EtOH and analyzed for autocrine/paracrine IFN signaling. RESULTS:EtOH induced TLR3, IFN?, and IFN? in SH-SY5Y neurons and U373 astrocytes, but not in BV2 microglia. The IFN response gene TRAIL was also strongly upregulated by TLR3 agonist Poly(I:C) and EtOH in U373 astrocytes. TRAIL blockage via neutralizing antibody prevented induction of IFNs in SH-SY5Y neurons but not in U373 astrocytes. Blocking TRAIL in conditioned media from EtOH-treated astrocytes prevented induction of IFNs in SH-SY5Y neurons. Finally, an in vivo model of chronic 10-day binge EtOH exposure in C57BL6/J mice, as well as single acute treatment with Poly(I:C), showed increased TRAIL +IR cells in both orbitofrontal and entorhinal cortex. CONCLUSIONS:This study establishes a role of astrocyte to neuron TRAIL release in EtOH-induced IFN responses. This may contribute to alcohol associated negative affect and suggest potential therapeutic benefit of TRAIL inhibition in AUD.

SUBMITTER: Lawrimore CJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6646093 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature