Low-Fat Dietary Pattern and Cancer Mortality in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Randomized Controlled Trial.

ABSTRACT: Background:In the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification trial, a low-fat dietary pattern reduced deaths after breast cancer. Mortality from other cancer sites has not been reported. Methods:A low-fat dietary pattern influence on deaths from and after site-specific cancers was examined during 8.5?years (median) of dietary intervention and cumulatively during 17.7?years (median) of follow-up. A total 48 835 postmenopausal women, ages 50-79 years, were randomly assigned from 1993 to 1998 at 40 US clinical centers to dietary intervention (40%, n?=?19 541 or a usual diet comparison group (60%, n?=?29 294). Dietary intervention influence on mortality from protocol-specified cancers (breast, colon and rectum, endometrium and ovary), individually and as a composite, represented the primary analyses. Results:During the dietary intervention period, a reduction in deaths after breast cancer (HR = 0.65 95% CI = 0.45 to 0.94, P?=?.02) was the only statistically significant cancer mortality finding. During intervention, the HRs for deaths after the protocol-specified cancer composite were 0.90 (95% CI = 0.73 to 1.10) and 0.95 (95% CI = 0.85 to 1.06) for deaths after all cancers. During 17.7?years of follow-up with 3867 deaths after all cancers, reduction in deaths after breast cancer continued in the dietary intervention group (HR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.74 to 0.99, P?=?.03). However, no dietary intervention influence on deaths from or after any other cancer or cancer composite was seen. Conclusions:A low-fat dietary pattern reduced deaths after breast cancer. No reduction in mortality from or after any other cancer or cancer composite was seen.

SUBMITTER: Chlebowski RT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6649760 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature