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DASH diet and prevalent metabolic syndrome in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

ABSTRACT: The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended for lowering blood pressure and preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD), but little data exist on these associations in US Hispanics/Latinos. We sought to assess associations between DASH score and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in diverse Hispanics/Latinos. We studied 10,741 adults aged 18-74 in the multicenter Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Dietary intake was measured using two 24-hour recalls, and MetS defined per the 2009 harmonized guidelines. We assessed cross-sectional associations of DASH score and MetS (and its dichotomized components) using survey logistic regression, and DASH and MetS continuous components using linear regression. We also stratified these models by Hispanic/Latino heritage group to explore heritage-specific associations. We found no associations between DASH and MetS prevalence. DASH was inversely associated with both measures of blood pressure (p?

SUBMITTER: Joyce BT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6657306 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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DASH diet and prevalent metabolic syndrome in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Joyce Brian T BT Wu Donghong D Hou Lifang L Dai Qi Q Castaneda Sheila F SF Gallo Linda C LC Talavera Gregory A GA Sotres-Alvarez Daniela D Van Horn Linda L Beasley Jeannette M JM Khambaty Tasneem T Elfassy Tali T Zeng Donglin D Mattei Josiemer J Corsino Leonor L Daviglus Martha L ML

Preventive medicine reports 20190716

The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended for lowering blood pressure and preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD), but little data exist on these associations in US Hispanics/Latinos. We sought to assess associations between DASH score and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in diverse Hispanics/Latinos. We studied 10,741 adults aged 18-74 in the multicenter Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Dietary intake was measured using two ...[more]

PMID: 31367513

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Physiological adaptations occurring across successive pregnancies may increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular health outcomes in later life. METHODS AND RESULTS:The association between parity and metabolic syndrome was examined among 7467 Hispanic/Latina women of diverse backgrounds, aged 18 to 74 years, who participated in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) from 2008 to 2011. Metabolic syndrome components were defined according to American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria and included abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high blood pressure, and elevated fasting glucose. Logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (ORs) adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioral, and reproductive characteristics. At HCHS/SOL baseline, women reported none (21.1%), 1 (19.9%), 2 (25.7%), 3 (18.6%), 4 (8.8%), and ? 5 (5.9%) live births. When compared with women with 1 birth, those with 4 births had the highest odds of abdominal obesity (OR, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-2.8) and overall metabolic syndrome (OR, 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-2.0) and those with ? 5 births had the highest odds of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.0) and elevated fasting glucose (OR, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.4), after adjusting for age, background, education, marital status, income, nativity, smoking, physical activity, menopause, oral contraceptive use, hormone therapy, and field center. Further adjustment for percent body fat attenuated these associations. No associations were observed between parity and elevated triglycerides or high blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS:Higher parity is associated with an increased prevalence of selected components of the metabolic syndrome among Hispanic/Latina women in the US. High parity among Hispanics/Latinas with a high prevalence of abdominal obesity suggests high risk for metabolic dysregulation.

Project description:ImportanceThe Mediterranean diet may reduce the burden of Alzheimer disease and other associated dementias in Hispanic or Latino people.ObjectiveTo investigate the association of a Mediterranean diet with cognitive performance among community-dwelling Hispanic or Latino adults.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study analyzed data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA), an HCHS/SOL ancillary study. Cognition tests were administered in the HCHS/SOL from March 2008 to June 2011 (visit 1) and in the SOL-INCA from October 2015 to March 2018 (visit 2). Participants included in the present study had completed a diet assessment at visit 1 and neurocognitive evaluations at visits 1 and 2. Data were analyzed from September 2021 to May 2022.ExposuresMediterranean diet adherence was ascertained using the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) and was categorized as low (MDS: 0-4 points), moderate (MDS: 5-6 points), or high (MDS: 7-9 points). The mean of two 24-hour dietary recalls was used to calculate the MDS.Main outcomes and measuresCognitive change between visits 1 and 2 was calculated by subtracting the cognitive score at visit 2 from the cognitive score at visit 1 and adjusting by the time elapsed between visits and cognitive score at visit 1. Neurocognitive tests administered were Brief Spanish-English Verbal Learning Test (B-SEVLT) Sum, B-SEVLT Recall, word fluency, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Results of each test were z score-transformed and the means were averaged to create a global cognition score. Complex sample linear regression analysis was used to ascertain the association between MDS and neurocognitive performance at each visit and neurocognitive change.ResultsA total of 6321 participants (mean [SE] age, 56.1 [0.18] years at visit 1; n = 4077 women [57.8%]) were included. Mediterranean diet adherence weighted frequencies were 35.8% (n = 2112 of 6321) for the low adherence group, 45.4% (n = 2795) for the moderate adherence group, and 18.8% (n = 1414) for the high adherence group. In the fully adjusted model, z score-transformed cognitive scores at visit 1 in the high vs low adherence groups were higher for B-SEVLT Sum (β = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02-0.20), B-SEVLT Recall (β = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.07-0.25), and global cognition (β = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.04-0.16) tests. In the mean follow-up time of 7 years, cognitive change in the high vs low adherence groups was less pronounced for B-SEVLT Sum (β = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.05-0.20) and B-SEVLT Recall (β = 0.14; 95% CI, 0.05-0.23), but not for word fluency, DSST score, or global cognition score.Conclusions and relevanceResults of this cohort study suggested that high adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with better cognitive performance and decreased 7-year learning and memory decline among middle-aged and older Hispanic or Latino adults. Culturally tailored Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease in this population.

Dataset Information

DASH diet and prevalent metabolic syndrome in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

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DASH diet and prevalent metabolic syndrome in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

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