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Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to hypertension among residents of a disadvantaged rural community in southern Zimbabwe.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Hypertension contributes significantly to cardiovascular and renal diseases. It can be controlled by lifestyle modifications, however in poor communities there is lack of awareness, and treatment and control of hypertension is often poor. The aim of this study was to determine hypertension knowledge, attitudes and practices in a disadvantaged rural community in Matebeleland South province of Zimbabwe. METHODS:We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional survey on hypertensive patients in the community. A pre-tested and validated interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect demographic, awareness, treatment and control data among consenting hypertensive patients. RESULTS:304 respondents were enrolled into the study (mean age, 59 years), and a majority were women (65.4%). The treatment default rate was 30.9%, and 25% of respondents on medication did not know their blood pressure control status. Knowledge on hypertension was poor, with 64.8% of respondents stating that stress was its main cause, 85.9% stated that palpitations were a symptom of hypertension and 59.8% of respondents added salt on the table. The more education respondents had received, the more likely they were knowledgeable about hypertension (odds ratio for secondary education, 3.68 [95% CI: 1.61-8.41], and for tertiary education, 7.52 [95% CI: 2.76-20.46], compared to those without formal education). Those who believed in herbal medicines (50.7%) and those who used traditional medicines (14.5%) were 53% (95% CI: 0.29-0.76) and 68% (95% CI: 0.29-0.76) less likely to be knowledgeable about hypertension compared to those who did not believe in or use traditional medicines, respectively. CONCLUSION:Members of the community had poor knowledge on hypertension. This was associated with a lack of education and with strong beliefs in herbal and traditional medicines in the community, which influenced attitudes and practices on hypertension. Dietary risk factors were linked to poor knowledge. Hypertensive medicine shortages at the clinic resulted in worsened hypertension care and poor hypertension outcomes in the community.

SUBMITTER: Chimberengwa PT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6657811 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to hypertension among residents of a disadvantaged rural community in southern Zimbabwe.

Chimberengwa Pugie Tawanda PT Naidoo Mergan M

PloS one 20190625 6

<h4>Background</h4>Hypertension contributes significantly to cardiovascular and renal diseases. It can be controlled by lifestyle modifications, however in poor communities there is lack of awareness, and treatment and control of hypertension is often poor. The aim of this study was to determine hypertension knowledge, attitudes and practices in a disadvantaged rural community in Matebeleland South province of Zimbabwe.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional survey on hyperten ...[more]

PMID: 31237883

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Project description:Yellow fever (Yf) outbreak was recently reported in South Omo of Southern Ethiopia. This area was also highly affected by Yf outbreak in the 1960s. However, there is no reliable information on the level of community knowledge attitudes and practices about the disease in the area. The objective of the current study was to assess level of community knowledge, attitudes and practices about Yf.Between March and May 2017, a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in two districts of the South Omo area. During the survey, 612 randomly selected adults were interviewed about Yf using structured questionnaire.Out of the 612 study participants, 508 (83.0%) reported that they heard about Yf which is locally known as "a disease that causes vomiting blood". Most (90.4%) of the study participants also said that Yf is different from malaria. Two hundred thirteen (41.9%) participants said that Yf can be transmitted from a patient to another person, while only 80 (37.6%) mentioned that the disease is transmitted through mosquitoes bite. Out of 333 (65.7%) study participants who believed that Yf is a preventable disease, 280 (84.1%) mentioned vaccine as a preventive method. The majority believed that the disease is a killer (97.2%) and a newly emerging (69.4%). Among the total of 612 study participants, 221(36.1%) were considered as having a high level of overall knowledge of Yf. Having educational level above 7th grade (AOR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.39, 7.57, p = 0.006) and being resident of Bena-Tsemay district (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.78, P = 0.014) were significantly associated with having a high level of overall knowledge of Yf. Agro-pastoralism as an occupation compared to farming was associated with having a low level of overall knowledge of Yf (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI, 0.33, 0.79, P = 0.003).The findings indicate that most of the study community members had a low level of overall knowledge of Yf, especially about its cause, mode of transmission and preventive methods. Thus, there is a need to increase people's knowledge and practices regarding the cause, mode of transmission and preventive methods like avoiding mosquitoe breeding sites beside vaccination through various strategies like disseminating information through community health extension workers and community leaders in the study area.

Project description:BackgroundCommunity pharmacists play an important role in reducing COVID-19-related secondary health problems. However, the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding COVID-19 among pharmacists in Japan have not yet been elucidated.MethodsWe conducted a web-based questionnaire survey among 1,137 pharmacists working in health support pharmacies (HSPs) in Japan. These pharmacists are responsible for providing health consultations to community residents. We assessed COVID-19-related KAP among pharmacists and compared the results for two age groups: ≤49 years and ≥50 years. We used multiple regression analysis to examine which factors influence KAP scores regarding COVID-19.ResultsFrom among the 2,141 HSPs in Japan, a total of 1,137 pharmacists, each representing a different HSP, responded to the survey. The results indicated that since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, pharmacists have been providing consultations about COVID-19 to local residents, covering topics such as "Effective infection prevention methods" (60.6%) and "What the COVID-19 pandemic would be" (48.8%). Importantly, 73.5% of the pharmacists felt they "did not have enough information about COVID-19." The main information resources about COVID-19 were Internet (91.2%) and television (78.9%). Across all respondents, the mean knowledge score (4.17/10) was lower than the mean scores for attitudes (7.26/10) and practices (5.79/10). Multiple regression analysis showed that having enough information about COVID-19 was a factor strongly associated with total KAP scores (p<0.001; 95% confidence interval, -1.344 to -0.540).ConclusionsPharmacists working in community pharmacies provide residents with information related to COVID-19. In this role as a health partner, these pharmacists need a way to strengthen and expand their knowledge, and moreover, their ability to support community residents. Learning more about the available academic and scientific information, as well as having access to accurate epidemiological information, can offer a means of reaching these goals.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Despite rapid upscale of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), malaria remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in Zambia. Uptake and utilization of these and novel interventions are often affected by knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) amongst persons living in malaria-endemic areas. The aims of this study were to assess malaria KAP of primary caregivers and explore trends in relation to ITN use, IRS acceptance and mosquito density in two endemic communities in Luangwa and Nyimba districts, Zambia. METHODS:A cohort of 75 primary caregivers were assessed using a cross-sectional, forced-choice malaria KAP survey on ITN use, IRS acceptance and initial perception of a novel spatial repellent (SR) product under investigation. Entomological sampling was performed in participant homes using CDC Miniature Light Traps to relate indoor mosquito density with participant responses. RESULTS:Ninety-nine percent of participants cited bites of infected mosquitoes as the route of malaria transmission although other routes were also reported including drinking dirty water (64%) and eating contaminated food (63%). All caregivers agreed that malaria was a life-threatening disease with the majority of caregivers having received malaria information from health centers (86%) and community health workers (51%). Cumulatively, self-reported mosquito net use was 67%. Respondents reportedly liked the SR prototype product but improvements on color, shape and size were suggested. Overall, 398 mosquitoes were captured from light-trap collections, including 49 anophelines and 349 culicines. Insecticide treated nets use was higher in households from which at least one mosquito was captured. CONCLUSIONS:The current study identified misconceptions in malaria transmission among primary caregivers indicating remaining knowledge gaps in educational campaigns. Participant responses also indicated a misalignment between a low perception of IRS efficacy and high stated acceptance of IRS, which should be further examined to better understand uptake and sustainability of other vector control strategies. While ITNs were found to be used in study households, misperceptions between presence of mosquitoes and bite protection practices did exist. This study highlights the importance of knowledge attitudes and practice surveys, with integration of entomological sampling, to better guide malaria vector control product development, strategy acceptance and compliance within endemic communities.

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to hypertension among residents of a disadvantaged rural community in southern Zimbabwe.

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to hypertension among residents of a disadvantaged rural community in southern Zimbabwe.

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