Dataset Information

Association of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain with fat mass distribution and accretion during pregnancy and early postpartum: a prospective study of Albertan women.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

To examine the patterns of fat mass gain in pregnancy and fat loss in the early postpartum period relative to women's pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and by adherence to Institute of Medicine's gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations.

Design

Prospective cohort study with three to four study visits.

Setting

This study is a part of the prospective longitudinal birth cohort, 'The Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study' (APrON) that recruited pregnant women from the cities of Edmonton and Calgary in Alberta.

Participants

1820 pregnant women were recruited and followed through their pregnancy and at 3?months postpartum.

Outcome measures

Body weight and skinfold thicknesses were measured during pregnancy and early postpartum in women. Body density was calculated from sum of skinfold thickness (biceps, triceps, subscapula and suprailiac), and total fat mass accretion during pregnancy was calculated using Van Raaij's equations and at postpartum using Siri's equation. Differences in total fat mass gain, fat mass loss and fat retention according to pre-pregnancy BMI categories and GWG categories were tested using two-way analysis of variance and post hoc comparisons.

Results

Most women (64%) had a normal pre-pregnancy BMI, and overall 49% women exceeded the GWG recommendations. Obese women gained significantly less total fat mass, had lower fat mass loss and had lower postpartum fat retention than normal-weight women (p<0.05). Women with excessive GWG gained higher total fat mass and had higher postpartum fat mass retention (p<0.03) than women who met the GWG recommendations. Total GWG was positively correlated with total fat gain (r=0.61, p<0.01) and total fat retention (r=0.31, p<0.05).

Conclusion

Excessive GWG is the significant risk factor for higher fat mass accretion during pregnancy and higher postpartum fat retention, irrespective of pre-pregnancy BMI.

SUBMITTER: Subhan FB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6661681 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Association of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain with fat mass distribution and accretion during pregnancy and early postpartum: a prospective study of Albertan women.

Subhan Fatheema B FB Shulman Lisa L Yuan Yan Y McCargar Linda J LJ Kong Linglong L Bell Rhonda C RC

BMJ open 20190727 7

<h4>Objectives</h4>To examine the patterns of fat mass gain in pregnancy and fat loss in the early postpartum period relative to women's pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and by adherence to Institute of Medicine's gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations.<h4>Design</h4>Prospective cohort study with three to four study visits.<h4>Setting</h4>This study is a part of the prospective longitudinal birth cohort, 'The Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study' (APrON) that recruited pregna ...[more]

PMID: 31352413

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Project description:Accumulating evidence has highlighted the role of maternal nutritional status on fetal development, birth outcomes and child health. The Mother and Infant Nutritional Assessment (MINA) cohort is a 3-year follow-up study of pregnant women and their children in Qatar and Lebanon. This study reports on the characteristics and determinants of pre-pregnancy BMI and Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) of MINA particiants, as well as birth outcomes. A total of 272 pregnant women were recruited during their first trimester from primary healthcare centers as well as private clinics in Beirut (n = 194) and Doha (n = 147). During the first visit, data collection included pre-pregnancy weight, sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. The weight before delivery and neonatal outcomes were extracted from the medical records. GWG was calculated as the difference between weight before delivery and pre-pregnancy weight and was classified into insufficient, adequate, and excessive, as per the IOM criteria. Overall, 42.1% of women had a pre-pregnancy BMI≥25 Kg/m2 (58% in Qatar vs 30.8% in Lebanon, p<0.001). Only 30.2% of women had adequate GWG, while 25.7% and 44.1% of women had insufficient and excessive GWG, respectively. In the cohort 68.7% of infants had a weight adequate-for-gestational age (AGA), 6.7% were SGA and 24.6% were LGA. The proportions of LGA were higher with greater GWG (p<0.05). After adjustment, Qatari women were 3 times more likely to be overweight or obese before pregnancy while a higher education level was associated with significantly lower odds of pre-pregnancy BMI≥25 Kg/m2. Pre-pregnancy BMI≥25 Kg/m2 and regular breakfast consumption were predictors of excessive GWG (OR: 3.20, CI: 1.48-6.91; OR: 2.84, CI: 1.15-7.02, respectively). The high prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight and excessive GWG among MINA participants underscores the need for culture-specific intervention programs to promote healthy body weight in women of childbearing age, and prevent excessive weight gain during pregnancy.

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Dataset Information

Association of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain with fat mass distribution and accretion during pregnancy and early postpartum: a prospective study of Albertan women.

Objectives

Design

Setting

Participants

Outcome measures

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Association of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain with fat mass distribution and accretion during pregnancy and early postpartum: a prospective study of Albertan women.

Similar Datasets

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