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How a measure of tree structural complexity relates to architectural benefit-to-cost ratio, light availability, and growth of trees.

ABSTRACT: Aboveground tree architecture is neither fully deterministic nor random. It is likely the result of mechanisms that balance static requirements and light-capturing efficiency. Here, we used terrestrial laser scanning data to investigate the relationship between tree architecture, here addressed using the box-dimension (D b), and the architectural benefit-to-cost ratio, the light availability, and the growth of trees. We detected a clear relationship between D b and the benefit-to-cost ratio for the tested three temperate forest tree species (Fagus sylvatica L., Fraxinus excelsior L., and Acer pseudoplatanus L.). In addition, we could also show that D b is positively related to the growth performance of several tropical tree species. Finally, we observed a negative relationship between the strength of competition enforced on red oak (Quercus rubra L.) trees and their D b. We therefore argue that D b is a meaningful and integrative measure that describes the structural complexity of the aboveground compartments of a plant as well as its relation to structural efficiency (benefit-to-cost ratio), productivity, and growing conditions (competition or availability of light).

SUBMITTER: Seidel D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6662337 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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How a measure of tree structural complexity relates to architectural benefit-to-cost ratio, light availability, and growth of trees.

Seidel Dominik D Annighöfer Peter P Stiers Melissa M Zemp Clara Delphine CD Burkardt Katharina K Ehbrecht Martin M Willim Katharina K Kreft Holger H Hölscher Dirk D Ammer Christian C

Ecology and evolution 20190526 12

Aboveground tree architecture is neither fully deterministic nor random. It is likely the result of mechanisms that balance static requirements and light-capturing efficiency. Here, we used terrestrial laser scanning data to investigate the relationship between tree architecture, here addressed using the box-dimension (D b), and the architectural benefit-to-cost ratio, the light availability, and the growth of trees. We detected a clear relationship between D b</sub ...[more]

PMID: 31380038

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Project description:ImportanceThe age-based or "one-size-fits-all" breast screening approach does not take into account the individual variation in risk. Mammography screening reduces death from breast cancer at the cost of overdiagnosis. Identifying risk-stratified screening strategies with a more favorable ratio of overdiagnoses to breast cancer deaths prevented would improve the quality of life of women and save resources.ObjectiveTo assess the benefit-to-harm ratio and the cost-effectiveness of risk-stratified breast screening programs compared with a standard age-based screening program and no screening.Design, setting, and populationA life-table model was created of a hypothetical cohort of 364 500 women in the United Kingdom, aged 50 years, with follow-up to age 85 years, using (1) findings of the Independent UK Panel on Breast Cancer Screening and (2) risk distribution based on polygenic risk profile. The analysis was undertaken from the National Health Service perspective.InterventionsThe modeled interventions were (1) no screening, (2) age-based screening (mammography screening every 3 years from age 50 to 69 years), and (3) risk-stratified screening (a proportion of women aged 50 years with a risk score greater than a threshold risk were offered screening every 3 years until age 69 years) considering each percentile of the risk distribution. All analyses took place between July 2016 and September 2017.Main outcomes and measuresOverdiagnoses, breast cancer deaths averted, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained, costs in British pounds, and net monetary benefit (NMB). Probabilistic sensitivity analyses were used to assess uncertainty around parameter estimates. Future costs and benefits were discounted at 3.5% per year.ResultsThe risk-stratified analysis of this life-table model included a hypothetical cohort of 364 500 women followed up from age 50 to 85 years. As the risk threshold was lowered, the incremental cost of the program increased linearly, compared with no screening, with no additional QALYs gained below 35th percentile risk threshold. Of the 3 screening scenarios, the risk-stratified scenario with risk threshold at the 70th percentile had the highest NMB, at a willingness to pay of £20 000 (US $26 800) per QALY gained, with a 72% probability of being cost-effective. Compared with age-based screening, risk-stratified screening at the 32nd percentile vs 70th percentile risk threshold would cost £20 066 (US $26 888) vs £537 985 (US $720 900) less, would have 26.7% vs 71.4% fewer overdiagnoses, and would avert 2.9% vs 9.6% fewer breast cancer deaths, respectively.Conclusions and relevanceNot offering breast cancer screening to women at lower risk could improve the cost-effectiveness of the screening program, reduce overdiagnosis, and maintain the benefits of screening.

Dataset Information

How a measure of tree structural complexity relates to architectural benefit-to-cost ratio, light availability, and growth of trees.

Publications

How a measure of tree structural complexity relates to architectural benefit-to-cost ratio, light availability, and growth of trees.

Similar Datasets

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