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Testicular cancer among US men aged 50 years and older.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The incidence of testicular cancer in the United States (US) has substantially increased in recent decades. The majority of testicular cancers are germ cell tumors (TGCT), which are the most commonly occurring malignancies among men aged 15-44 years in the US. To date, few studies have focused on testicular cancer among men aged ? 50 years. Thus, we sought to examine detailed descriptive features, including incidence rates and age patterns, of tumors that arise in the testes among men aged ? 50 years. METHODS:Data from forty-one US cancer registries were included for the years 1999-2014. Incidence rates per 100,000 person-years and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by race/ethnicity, histology, and age at diagnosis. Estimates of annual percent change (APC) were also calculated. RESULTS:Age-specific incidence rates of spermatocytic tumors, sex cord stromal tumors and lymphomas rose with age, while age-specific incidence rates of seminomas and nonseminomas declined. Between 1999 and 2014, the incidence of nonseminoma (APC?=?3.26, 95% CI: 2.27-4.25) increased more than any other tumor type. The incidence of seminoma (APC: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.59-1.71) also increased, while rates of testicular lymphoma (APC: -0.66, 95% CI: -1.16 to -0.16), spermatocytic tumors (APC: 0.42, 95% CI: -1.42 to 2.29), and sex cord stromal tumors (APC: 0.60, 95% CI: -3.21 to 4.55) remained relatively unchanged. CONCLUSION:Given the distinct time-trends and age-specific patterns of testicular cancer in men aged ?50 years, additional investigation of risk factors for these tumors is warranted.

SUBMITTER: Ghazarian AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6668029 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Testicular cancer among US men aged 50 years and older.

Ghazarian Armen A AA Rusner Carsten C Trabert Britton B Braunlin Megan M McGlynn Katherine A KA Stang Andreas A

Cancer epidemiology 20180801

<h4>Background</h4>The incidence of testicular cancer in the United States (US) has substantially increased in recent decades. The majority of testicular cancers are germ cell tumors (TGCT), which are the most commonly occurring malignancies among men aged 15-44 years in the US. To date, few studies have focused on testicular cancer among men aged ≥ 50 years. Thus, we sought to examine detailed descriptive features, including incidence rates and age patterns, of tumors that arise in the testes a ...[more]

PMID: 29807233

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Project description:BackgroundResearchers have emphasized the importance of examining how different factors affect men's and women's functional status over time. To date, the literature is unclear about whether sex affects the rate of change in disability in middle to older age. Researchers have further emphasized the importance of examining how different factors affect men's and women's functional status over time. We examined (a) sex differences in disability trends and (b) the determinants of the rate of change in disability for men and women 50 years and older.MethodsThis study utilized the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging Survey, a nationally representative database (four waves of survey data 1996-2007, N = 3429). We modeled and compared the differences in disability trends and the influences of determinants on trends among men and women using multiple-indicator and multiple-group latent growth curves modeling (LGCM). Equality constraints were imposed on 10 determinants across groups.ResultsOnce disability began, women progressed toward greater disability 18% faster than men. Greater age added about 1.2 times the burden to the rate of change in disability for women than men (p < 0.001). More comorbidities also added significantly more burden to baseline disability and rate of change in disability among women than men (p < 0.001), but women benefited more from higher education levels in lower baseline disability and slower rate of change. Having a better social network was associated with lower baseline disability among women only (p < 0.05). For both men and women, physically active leisure-time activities were beneficial in lower baseline disability (p men and women < 0.001) and rate of change in disability (p men < 0.01; p women < 0.05), with no significant differences between groups.ConclusionsAge may widen the sex gap in the rate of change in disability. However, both sexes benefit from participating in leisure-time activities. Promoting health literacy improves health outcomes and physical function among women.

Project description:ObjectivesTo identify and review evaluations of strategies to recruit men aged 50 years and over to randomised controlled trials (RCTs).DesignSystematic review and narrative synthesis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and ORRCA databases were searched to 1 December 2017.Eligibility criteriaStudies using quantitative methods to evaluate recruitment strategies to RCTs of men aged 50 years and older.Data extraction and synthesisA single reviewer extracted data (for each strategy, number of participants approached, screened and randomised, and cost). Study quality was assessed using National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tools and considered study design, description of interventions, description and measurement of outcomes, completeness of outcome reporting, performance of statistical testing and consideration of confounders. Recruitment strategies were categorised by the recruitment stage they addressed.ResultsSixteen studies (n >14?000) were included: one good quality, ten fair quality and five poor quality. Studies evaluated strategies to identify prospective participants, and to improve the processes for assessing participant eligibility, providing participant information and seeking consent. In good and fair quality studies, the most effective strategies for identifying participants were referral from an affiliated health service provider (two studies), mass mailing (five studies) and media coverage (two studies). Community outreach activities such as displaying posters and attending local community events were not effective (two studies). Trial-specific training of site recruitment staff, developed using qualitative analysis of recruitment visits (two studies), and provision of study information to prospective participants at a multidisciplinary, group information session (one study) both improved recruitment.ConclusionImproved engagement of men aged 50 years and older in RCTs is needed. A gender-sensitised approach to RCT recruitment may help to address this need. We have identified several promising recruitment strategies that merit further evaluation.Prospero registration numberCRD42017060301.

Project description:BackgroundNumerous population-based studies have suggested that socio-economic status (SES) is associated with cognitive performance, but few nationally representative epidemiological studies on cognitive performance with a large sample of older adults are available in China. And many studies explore the factors associated with cognitive performance, mainly focusing on individual level and more rarely on multiple levels that include the individual and community.MethodsThis study uses SAGE-China Wave 1 data which consisted of 13,157 adults aged 50 years and older to explore socioeconomic inequalities in the cognitive performance from a multilevel perspective (individual and community levels). The overall cognition score was based on the seven separate components of the cognition tests, including the four verbal recall trials, the verbal fluency test, the forward digit span test and the backward digit span test. Factor analysis was applied to evaluate and generate a single overall score. A two-level hierarchical linear model was used to evaluate the association between SES at these two levels and the overall cognition score adjusted for age, sex and marital status.ResultsAt individual level, years of education was significantly associated with overall cognition score for both urban and rural dwellers. At the community level, a positive association was obtained between median household income and median years of education and overall cognition score among urban participants.ConclusionA significant association between SES at both individual-level and community-level (only for urban area) and cognitive performance were found in this study of a national sample of 13,157 Chinese aged 50 years and older, even after adjusting for demographic characteristics. Identifying community-based SES variables that are associated with cognitive performance in the older population provides further evidence for the need to address community characteristics associated with deprivation.

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Testicular cancer among US men aged 50 years and older.

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Testicular cancer among US men aged 50 years and older.

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