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Short-term weight gain among preschool children in rural Burkina Faso: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:Nutrition has profound effects on children's health outcomes and is linked to weight gain and cognitive development. We used data from a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the prospective associations between dietary, socioeconomic and demographic factors and short-term weight gain during the lean season in a rural area of Burkina Faso. DESIGN:Prospective cohort data arising from a randomised controlled trial of the effect of antibiotic distribution on child growth and intestinal microbial diversity. SETTING:Two rural communities in Nouna District, Burkina Faso. PARTICIPANTS:246 children aged 6-59 months living in the study communities were enrolled in the study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:Anthropometric measurements, including weight and height, were obtained at baseline and 1 month. RESULTS:Of 246 children, the median weight for wasted children at baseline (weight-for-height z-score <-2) was 9.7 kg (IQR 8.65-10.8) and the weight of non-wasted children was 12.8 kg (IQR 10.9-14.75). Food insecurity was significantly associated with decreased weight gain velocity (mean difference -0.03 g/kg/day, 95% CI -0.06 to -0.006, p=0.04). CONCLUSION:Experiences of household food insecurity before the beginning of the lean season were associated with decreased weight gain in children in rural Burkina Faso during the lean season, although the mean difference was small. Understanding the relationship between timing of food insecurity and anthropometric outcomes may help to develop policies and health programme that address both of these issues. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER:NCT03187834.

SUBMITTER: Dennis EG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6677972 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Short-term weight gain among preschool children in rural Burkina Faso: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Dennis Elena G EG Sie Ali A Ouermi Lucienne L Dah Clarisse C Tapsoba Charlemagne C Zabre Pascal P Bärnighausen Till T O'Brien Kieran S KS Lebas Elodie E Keenan Jeremy D JD Oldenburg Catherine E CE

BMJ open 20190729 7

<h4>Objectives</h4>Nutrition has profound effects on children's health outcomes and is linked to weight gain and cognitive development. We used data from a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the prospective associations between dietary, socioeconomic and demographic factors and short-term weight gain during the lean season in a rural area of Burkina Faso.<h4>Design</h4>Prospective cohort data arising from a randomised controlled trial of the effect of antibiotic distribution on child growth ...[more]

PMID: 31362969

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Project description:BackgroundFood-based approaches such as biofortification are meant to sustainably address micronutrient deficiencies in poor settings. Knowing more about micronutrient intakes and deficiencies is a prerequisite to designing and evaluating interventions.ObjectiveThe objectives of the study were to assess biological status and dietary intakes of iron, zinc and vitamin A among women and children aged 36-59 months in rural Burkina Faso and to study relationships between intake and status to better inform future food-based interventions.DesignA cross-sectional survey was carried out in two rural provinces of Burkina Faso on a random cluster sample of 480 mother-child pairs. Dietary data was obtained by 24-hour recalls repeated on a random sub-selection of 37.5% of subjects to allow calculation of nutrient's probability of adequacy (PA). Biomarkers were measured on a sub-sample of 180 mother-child pairs. Blood samples were analyzed for hemoglobin, serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR), C-reactive protein, alpha-1-glycoprotein, serum zinc concentration (SZnC) and retinol. For each micronutrient the relationship between biomarker and dietary intake was investigated by multiple linear regression models accounting for inflammatory biomarkers.ResultsMean PA for iron, zinc and vitamin A was 0.49, 0.87 and 0.21 among women and 0.61, 0.95 and 0.33 among children, respectively. Prevalence of anemia, corrected low serum ferritin and high sTfR was 37.6%, 4.0% and 77.5% among women and 72.1%, 1.5% and 87.6% among children, respectively. Prevalence of low SZnC and corrected low serum retinol was 39.4% and 12.0% among women and 63.7% and 24.8% among children, respectively. There was a tendency for a positive relationship between vitamin A intakes and serum retinol among women (? = 0.0003, P = 0.06). Otherwise, no link was found between micronutrients biomarkers and intakes.ConclusionOur study depicted different images of micronutrient deficiencies when based on dietary intakes or biomarkers results, thus highlighting the need for more suitable biomarkers and more precise measures of absorbable micronutrient intakes at the individual level. It thus points to challenges in the design and evaluation of future biofortification or other food-based interventions in rural areas of Burkina Faso.

Project description:Background Delays in care-seeking for childhood illness may lead to more severe outcomes. We evaluated whether community distance from a primary healthcare facility was associated with decreased healthcare utilization in a rural district of northwestern Burkina Faso. Methods We conducted passive surveillance of all government-run primary healthcare facilities in Nouna District, Burkina Faso from March 1 through May 31, 2020. All healthcare visits for children under 5?years of age were recorded on a standardized form for sick children. We recorded the age, sex, and community of residence of the child as well as any diagnoses and treatments administered. We calculated healthcare utilization per 100 child-months by linking the aggregate number of visits at the community level to the community’s population of children under 5?months per a census that was conducted from August 2019 through February 2020. We calculated the distance between each community and its corresponding healthcare facility and assessed the relationship between distance and the rate of healthcare utilization. Results In 226 study communities, 12,676 primary healthcare visits were recorded over the three-month period. The median distance between the community and primary healthcare facility was 5.0?km (IQR 2.6 to 6.9?km), and median number of healthcare visits per 100 child-months at the community level was 6.7 (IQR 3.7 to 12.3). The rate of primary healthcare visits declined with increasing distance from clinic (Spearman’s rho ??0.42, 95% CI ??0.54 to ??0.31, P <?0.0001). This relationship was similar for cause-specific clinic visits (including pneumonia, malaria, and diarrhea) and for antibiotic prescriptions. Conclusions We documented a distance decay effect between community distance from a primary healthcare facility and the rate of healthcare visits for children under 5. Decreasing distance-related barriers, for example by increasing the number of facilities or targeting outreach to more distant communities, may improve healthcare utilization for young children in similar settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-06226-5.

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Short-term weight gain among preschool children in rural Burkina Faso: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Publications

Short-term weight gain among preschool children in rural Burkina Faso: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

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