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Incidence, management, and outcomes of autoimmune nephropathies following alemtuzumab treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis.


ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Autoimmune disorders including nephropathies have been reported more frequently in alemtuzumab-treated multiple sclerosis (MS) patients than in the general population. OBJECTIVE:Describe instances of autoimmune nephropathy in alemtuzumab-treated MS patients. METHODS:Cases were identified from safety monitoring within the alemtuzumab relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) clinical development program (CDP) or post-marketing, or following off-label use. RESULTS:As of 16 June 2017, 16 autoimmune nephropathies have occurred following alemtuzumab treatment for MS. The incidence of autoimmune nephropathies was 0.34% within the CDP (5/1485 patients). The five CDP cases (one of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease, two of membranous glomerulonephropathy, and two of serum anti-GBM antibody without typical anti-GBM disease) were identified early, responded to conventional therapy (where needed), and had favorable outcomes. Three of 11 cases outside the CDP occurred following off-label alemtuzumab use prior to approval for RRMS and were all anti-GBM disease. Diagnosis was delayed in one of these three cases and another did not receive appropriate treatment; all three cases resulted in end-stage renal failure. All anti-GBM disease cases with documented urinalysis demonstrated prior microscopic hematuria. CONCLUSION:Close monitoring of alemtuzumab-treated MS patients facilitates diagnosis and treatment early in the nephropathy course when preservation of renal function is more likely.

SUBMITTER: Phelps R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6681440 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Incidence, management, and outcomes of autoimmune nephropathies following alemtuzumab treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Phelps Richard R   Winston Jonathan A JA   Wynn Daniel D   Habek Mario M   Hartung Hans-Peter HP   Havrdová Eva Kubala EK   Markowitz Glen S GS   Margolin David H DH   Rodriguez Claudio E CE   Baker Darren P DP   Coles Alasdair J AJ  

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) 20190415 9


<h4>Background</h4>Autoimmune disorders including nephropathies have been reported more frequently in alemtuzumab-treated multiple sclerosis (MS) patients than in the general population.<h4>Objective</h4>Describe instances of autoimmune nephropathy in alemtuzumab-treated MS patients.<h4>Methods</h4>Cases were identified from safety monitoring within the alemtuzumab relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) clinical development program (CDP) or post-marketing, or following off-label use.<h4>R  ...[more]

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