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Sleeve gastrectomy in obese Wistar rats improves diastolic function and promotes cardiac recovery independent of weight loss.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is the most common cause of heart failure and is characterized by impaired diastolic relaxation. Bariatric surgery significantly improves diastolic relaxation, but a mechanism beyond weight loss remains unknown. OBJECTIVES:We tested the hypothesis that a sleeve gastrectomy (SG) will improve diastolic dysfunction independent of weight loss due to postoperative alterations in the enterocardiac axis. SETTING:University research laboratory. METHODS:Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) for 10 weeks and then divided into SG-HFD, pair-fed sham HFD, ad-lib sham HFD, or ad-lib sham LFD groups (n = 9-14 per group). At least 2 months postoperatively, cardiac function, meal tolerance, glucose tolerance, and cardiac gene expression were compared between groups. RESULTS:Only the SG cohort showed significant improvements in postoperative diastolic relaxation (isovolumetric relaxation time pre-SG: 14.7 ± 2.3 msec, post-SG: 11.2 ± 1.8 msec, P < .001). SG significantly increased active glucagon-like peptide-1 (P = .03). Compared to pair-fed sham HFD rats, SG-HFD rats had significantly altered mRNA cardiac gene expression, including sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2 a (SERCA2 a) (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS:SG improves diastolic function independent of weight loss in a rat model of obesity with beneficial alterations in cardiac gene expression of multiple known targets related to cardiac failure, including SERCA2 a. These data support that a greater curve gastrectomy induces beneficial intracellular cardiac signaling for diastolic function mediated by the enterocardiac axis that is independent of weight loss. These findings could translate to offering metabolic surgery to patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

SUBMITTER: Hayes H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6682432 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sleeve gastrectomy in obese Wistar rats improves diastolic function and promotes cardiac recovery independent of weight loss.

Hayes Hailey H Patz Jacob J Corbett John J Afzal Muhammad Z MZ Strande Jennifer J Kindel Tammy L TL

Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery 20190323 6

<h4>Background</h4>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is the most common cause of heart failure and is characterized by impaired diastolic relaxation. Bariatric surgery significantly improves diastolic relaxation, but a mechanism beyond weight loss remains unknown.<h4>Objectives</h4>We tested the hypothesis that a sleeve gastrectomy (SG) will improve diastolic dysfunction independent of weight loss due to postoperative alterations in the enterocardiac axis.<h4>Setting</h4>University ...[more]

PMID: 31101567

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Project description:PurposeObesity, a worldwide health problem, is linked to an abnormal gut microbiota and is currently most effectively treated by bariatric surgery. Our aim was to characterize the microbiota of high-fat fed Sprague-Dawley rats when subjected to bariatric surgery (i.e., vertical sleeve gastrectomy) and posterior refeeding with either a high-fat or control diet. We hypothesized that bariatric surgery followed by the control diet was more effective in reverting the microbiota modifications caused by the high-fat diet when compared to either of the two factors alone.MethodsUsing next-generation sequencing of ribosomal RNA amplicons, we analyzed and compared the composition of the cecal microbiota after vertical sleeve gastrectomy with control groups representing non-operated rats, control fed, high-fat fed, and post-operative diet-switched animals. Rats were fed either a high-fat or control low-fat diet and were separated into three comparison groups after eight weeks comprising no surgery, sham surgery, and vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Half of the rats were then moved from the HFD to the control diet. Using next-generation sequencing of ribosomal RNA amplicons, we analyzed the composition of the cecal microbiota of rats allocated to the vertical sleeve gastrectomy group and compared it to that of the non-surgical, control fed, high-fat fed, and post-operative diet-switched groups. Additionally, we correlated different biological parameters with the genera exhibiting the highest variation in abundance between the groups.ResultsThe high-fat diet was the strongest driver of altered taxonomic composition, relative microbial abundance, and diversity in the cecum. These effects were partially reversed in the diet-switched cohort, especially when combined with sleeve gastrectomy, resulting in increased diversity and shifting relative abundances. Several highly-affected genera were correlated with obesity-related parameters.ConclusionsThe dysbiotic state caused by high-fat diet was improved by the change to the lower fat, higher fiber control diet. Bariatric surgery contributed significantly and additively to the diet in restoring microbiome diversity and complexity. These results highlight the importance of dietary intervention following bariatric surgery for improved restoration of cecal diversity, as neither surgery nor change of diet alone had the same effects as when combined.

Dataset Information

Sleeve gastrectomy in obese Wistar rats improves diastolic function and promotes cardiac recovery independent of weight loss.

Publications

Sleeve gastrectomy in obese Wistar rats improves diastolic function and promotes cardiac recovery independent of weight loss.

Similar Datasets

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