Dataset Information

Sex-related differences in the association between frailty and dietary consumption in Japanese older people: a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Female sex is an important factor predisposing individuals to frailty. Appropriate nutrition is one of the most effective ways to prevent older adults from developing frailty; Sex-related differences have also been detected in the association between nutritional intervention and health-related outcomes. However, few studies have discussed these sex-related differences. The aim of the present study was to investigate the sex-related differences in the association between frailty and dietary consumption.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study which investigated community-dwelling older adults aged ?65?years. We surveyed age, sex, body mass index, family arrangement (living alone, living with a partner or living with parent(s) and/or child (ren)), dietary consumption and frailty status. Dietary consumption was surveyed using a food frequency questionnaire that included 13 major food categories (fish, meat, eggs, dairy products, soybean products, vegetables, seaweeds, potatoes, fruits, fats or oils, snacks, salty foods and alcohol). Frailty was defined by the Kihon Checklist score. The Kihon Checklist is composed of 25 simple yes/no questions, and it has been validated as a metric for frailty. A higher score indicates a greater degree of frailty. Multinomial regression analysis was performed to clarify the association between frailty and dietary consumption for each sex.

Results

We analyzed 905 older adults (420 (46.4%) were male). After adjusting for cofounders, a low frequency of meat consumption (less than twice/week) was associated with a high prevalence of frailty in men (odds ratio: 2.76 (95%CI: 1.12-6.77), p?=?0.027). In contrast, in women, low frequencies of consumption of fish, meat, vegetables, potatoes and snacks were associated with a higher prevalence of frailty compared with those who consumed foods from those categories daily (odds ratios: fish 2.45 (1.02-5.89), p?=?0.045; meat 4.05 (1.67-9.86), p?=?0.002; vegetables 5.03 (2.13-11.92), p?ConclusionsMore food categories were associated with frailty in women than in men. Nutritional intervention to prevent frailty is presumably more effective for women than for men.

SUBMITTER: Shibasaki K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6683375 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Sex-related differences in the association between frailty and dietary consumption in Japanese older people: a cross-sectional study.

Shibasaki Koji K Kin Shin Kei SK Yamada Shizuru S Akishita Masahiro M Ogawa Sumito S

BMC geriatrics 20190805 1

<h4>Background</h4>Female sex is an important factor predisposing individuals to frailty. Appropriate nutrition is one of the most effective ways to prevent older adults from developing frailty; Sex-related differences have also been detected in the association between nutritional intervention and health-related outcomes. However, few studies have discussed these sex-related differences. The aim of the present study was to investigate the sex-related differences in the association between frailt ...[more]

PMID: 31382881

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Project description:IntroductionFrailty is a state of being vulnerable to adverse health outcomes such as falls, delirium, and disability in older people. Identifying frailty is important in a low-income setting to prevent it from progressing, reducing healthcare costs, increasing the chances of reversibility, and implementing effective interventions. The factors affecting frailty in older people living in old age homes could differ from those living in the community. This study was conducted to identify the factors associated with frailty in older people residing in old age homes and communities in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study conducted from April to June 2019 in three districts of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Data were collected from 193 older people residing in old age homes and 501 residing in communities aged 60 and above using convenience sampling. Frailty was measured using the Groningen Frailty Indicator. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between independent variables and frailty.ResultsFrailty was more prevalent among older people in old age homes (71.5%) compared to those in the community (56.3%). Older people who were satisfied with their living environment had lower frailty scores in both old age homes (β = -0.20, p<0.01) and the community (β = -0.15, p<0.001). Those who had self-rated unhealthy lifestyle had higher frailty scores in both old age homes (β = 0.45, p<0.001) and the community (β = 0.25, p<0.001). In the community, those over 80 years of age had higher frailty scores (β = 0.15, p<0.01) and those with higher education had lower scores (β = -0.13, p<0.05).ConclusionThe living environment and lifestyle are key modifiable risk factors of frailty, both in old age homes and the community. The findings suggest a need for lifestyle modification and reforms in building standards, especially in old age homes, to promote age-friendly communities.

Project description:BackgroundMaintaining good functional ability is a key component of healthy ageing and a basic requirement for carrying out activities of daily living, staying independent, and delaying admission to a nursing home. Even though women have a higher life expectancy and slower age-related muscle mass loss than men, they often show a higher prevalence of limitations in physical functioning. However, the reasons behind these sex differences are still unclear. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate sex differences among older adults regarding physical functioning and to study which factors are explaining these sex differences.MethodsCross-sectional data from participants of the OUTDOOR ACTIVE study residing in Bremen, Germany, aged 65 to 75 years, were included in the analyses. Physical functioning was assessed via a self-administered questionnaire using the SF-36 10-item Physical Functioning Scale. Social, lifestyle, and health-related factors were also assessed using the questionnaire. Physical activity was measured objectively using wrist-worn accelerometers over seven consecutive days. Descriptive analyses with absolute and relative frequencies, means and standard deviations, as well as T-tests and chi-square tests were carried out. To test for associations between sex, physical functioning, and several individual factors, linear regressions were performed.ResultsData of 2 141 participants (52.1% female) were included in the study. Women and men showed statistically significant differences in physical functioning, with men perceiving fewer limitations than women. On average, women had a physical functioning score of 81.4 ± 19.3 and men 86.7 ± 17.0. Linear regression showed a statistically significant negative association between physical functioning score and sex (β: -0.15, 95% CL: -0.19, -0.10). The association remained statistically significant when adding individual factors to the model. All factors together were only able to explain 51% of the physical functioning-sex association with health indicators and the presence of chronic diseases being the most influential factors.ConclusionsWe found sex differences in physical functioning, with older women having more limitations than older men. The results showed that health-related factors and chronic diseases played the biggest roles in the different physical functioning scores of women and men. These findings contribute to future longitudinal, more in-depth research.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register DRKS00015117 (Date of registration 17-07-2018).

Dataset Information

Sex-related differences in the association between frailty and dietary consumption in Japanese older people: a cross-sectional study.

Background

Methods

Results

Publications

Sex-related differences in the association between frailty and dietary consumption in Japanese older people: a cross-sectional study.

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