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Effect of breeding performance on the distribution and activity budgets of a predominantly resident population of black-browed albatrosses.

ABSTRACT: Pelagic seabirds breeding at high latitudes generally split their annual cycle between reproduction, migration, and wintering. During the breeding season, they are constrained in their foraging range due to reproduction while during winter months, and they often undertake long-distance migrations. Black-browed albatrosses (Thalassarche melanophris) nesting in the Falkland archipelago remain within 700 km from their breeding colonies all year-round and can therefore be considered as resident. Accordingly, at-sea activity patterns are expected to be adjusted to the absence of migration. Likewise, breeding performance is expected to affect foraging, flying, and floating activities, as failed individuals are relieved from reproduction earlier than successful ones. Using geolocators coupled with a saltwater immersion sensor, we detailed the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of at-sea activity budgets of successful and failed breeding black-browed albatrosses nesting in New Island, Falklands archipelago, over the breeding and subsequent nonbreeding season. The 90% monthly kernel distribution of failed and successful breeders suggested no spatial segregation. Both groups followed the same dynamics of foraging effort both during daylight and darkness all year, except during chick-rearing, when successful breeders foraged more intensively. Failed and successful breeders started decreasing flying activities during daylight at the same time, 2-3 weeks after hatching period, but failed breeders reached their maximum floating activity during late chick-rearing, 2 months before successful breeders. Moon cycle had a significant effect on activity budgets during darkness, with individuals generally more active during full moon. Our results highlight that successful breeders buffer potential reproductive costs during the nonbreeding season, and this provides a better understanding of how individuals adjust their spatial distribution and activity budgets according to their breeding performance in absence of migration.

SUBMITTER: Ponchon A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6686306 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of breeding performance on the distribution and activity budgets of a predominantly resident population of black-browed albatrosses.

Ponchon Aurore A Cornulier Thomas T Hedd April A Granadeiro José Pedro JP Catry Paulo P

Ecology and evolution 20190717 15

Pelagic seabirds breeding at high latitudes generally split their annual cycle between reproduction, migration, and wintering. During the breeding season, they are constrained in their foraging range due to reproduction while during winter months, and they often undertake long-distance migrations. Black-browed albatrosses (<i>Thalassarche melanophris</i>) nesting in the Falkland archipelago remain within 700 km from their breeding colonies all year-round and can therefore be considered as reside ...[more]

PMID: 31410273

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Project description:BackgroundGenomic selection accuracy increases with the use of high SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) coverage. However, such gains in coverage come at high costs, preventing their prompt operational implementation by breeders. Low density panels imputed to higher densities offer a cheaper alternative during the first stages of genomic resources development. Our study is the first to explore the imputation in a tree species: black poplar. About 1000 pure-breed Populus nigra trees from a breeding population were selected and genotyped with a 12K custom Infinium Bead-Chip. Forty-three of those individuals corresponding to nodal trees in the pedigree were fully sequenced (reference), while the remaining majority (target) was imputed from 8K to 1.4 million SNPs using FImpute. Each SNP and individual was evaluated for imputation errors by leave-one-out cross validation in the training sample of 43 sequenced trees. Some summary statistics such as Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium exact test p-value, quality of sequencing, depth of sequencing per site and per individual, minor allele frequency, marker density ratio or SNP information redundancy were calculated. Principal component and Boruta analyses were used on all these parameters to rank the factors affecting the quality of imputation. Additionally, we characterize the impact of the relatedness between reference population and target population.ResultsDuring the imputation process, we used 7540 SNPs from the chip to impute 1,438,827 SNPs from sequences. At the individual level, imputation accuracy was high with a proportion of SNPs correctly imputed between 0.84 and 0.99. The variation in accuracies was mostly due to differences in relatedness between individuals. At a SNP level, the imputation quality depended on genotyped SNP density and on the original minor allele frequency. The imputation did not appear to result in an increase of linkage disequilibrium. The genotype densification not only brought a better distribution of markers all along the genome, but also we did not detect any substantial bias in annotation categories.ConclusionsThis study shows that it is possible to impute low-density marker panels to whole genome sequence with good accuracy under certain conditions that could be common to many breeding populations.

Dataset Information

Effect of breeding performance on the distribution and activity budgets of a predominantly resident population of black-browed albatrosses.

Publications

Effect of breeding performance on the distribution and activity budgets of a predominantly resident population of black-browed albatrosses.

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