Dataset Information

Depression, subjective cognitive decline, and the risk of neurocognitive disorders.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Depression and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) both predict neurocognitive disorders (NCD). However, the two correlate strongly with each other. It remains uncertain whether they reflect independent neurobiological underpinnings which deserve separate attention. This study evaluated the independent risks of NCD associated with depression and SCD. METHODS:This cohort study included 13,462 participants who were ??50?years and had normal cognition at baseline. The participants were evaluated for depression and SCD and followed up almost annually for incident mild cognitive impairment or dementia (MCI/dementia) (median follow-up?=?4.4?years). Depression and SCD were included in Cox-regression to investigate their independent risks of MCI/dementia. RESULTS:At baseline, 1307 participants (9.7%) had depression and 3582 (26.6%) had SCD. During follow-up, 1490 (11.1%) developed MCI/dementia. Depression and SCD demonstrated independent risks of MCI/dementia (HR 1.4 and 2.0 respectively). The risk was highest when depression and SCD co-occur (HR 2.8), with half of the participants in this group developing MCI/dementia within 7.2?years of follow-up (compared to 12.2?years in participants without depression or SCD). CONCLUSIONS:The findings may change the clinical approach in managing SCD in depression, suggesting the need for greater emphasis on detecting prodromal NCD. They may also have implications to our understanding of NCD, suggesting the need for further research to delineate the commonalities and distinctions in the neurobiological pathways of depression and SCD.

SUBMITTER: Liew TM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6689179 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Depression, subjective cognitive decline, and the risk of neurocognitive disorders.

Liew Tau Ming TM

Alzheimer's research & therapy 20190809 1

<h4>Background</h4>Depression and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) both predict neurocognitive disorders (NCD). However, the two correlate strongly with each other. It remains uncertain whether they reflect independent neurobiological underpinnings which deserve separate attention. This study evaluated the independent risks of NCD associated with depression and SCD.<h4>Methods</h4>This cohort study included 13,462 participants who were ≥ 50 years and had normal cognition at baseline. The parti ...[more]

PMID: 31399132

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and anxiety symptoms both predict neurocognitive disorders, but the two correlate strongly with each other. It is unclear whether they reflect two independent disease processes in the development of neurocognitive disorders and hence deserve separate attention. This cohort study examined whether SCD and anxiety symptoms demonstrate independent risks of mild cognitive disorder and dementia (MCI/dementia). METHODS:The study included 14,066 participants aged ??50?years and diagnosed with normal cognition at baseline, recruited from Alzheimer's Disease Centers across the USA. The participants were evaluated for SCD and anxiety symptoms at baseline and followed up almost annually for incident MCI/dementia (median follow-up 4.5?years; interquartile range 2.2-7.7?years). SCD and anxiety symptoms were included in Cox regression to investigate their independent risks of MCI/dementia. RESULTS:SCD and anxiety symptoms demonstrated independent risks of MCI/dementia, with HR 1.9 (95% CI 1.7-2.1) and 1.3 (95% CI 1.2-1.5), respectively. Co-occurring SCD and anxiety symptoms demonstrated the highest risk (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.9-2.9)-participants in this group had a 25% probability of developing MCI/dementia by 3.1?years (95% 2.4-3.7), compared to 8.2?years among those without SCD or anxiety (95% CI 7.9-8.6). The results remained robust even in the sensitivity analyses that took into account symptom severity and consistency of symptoms in the first 2 annual visits. CONCLUSIONS:The findings suggest that clinicians should not dismiss one over the other when patients present with both SCD and anxiety and that both constructs may potentially be useful to identify high-risk populations for preventive interventions and trials. The findings also point to the need for further research to clarify on the neurobiological distinctions between SCD and anxiety symptoms, which may potentially enrich our understanding on the pathogenesis of neurocognitive disorders.

Project description:BackgroundIn cognitively normal individuals, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been reported to predict MCI and dementia (MCI/dementia). However, prior studies mostly captured SCD at single time-points without considering the longitudinal course of SCD. This study examined whether the trajectories of SCD provide any added information-beyond one-time assessments of SCD-on the risk of MCI/dementia.MethodsThis cohort study included 5661 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Centers across the USA, who were ≥ 50 years and had normal cognition in the first-four annual visits (year 1 to year 4). The participants were evaluated for SCD in the first-four annual visits (year 1 to year 4), and followed-up almost annually (year 4 up to year 14) for incident MCI/dementia. SCD trajectories (as identified from latent-class-growth-curve-analysis) were included in Cox regression to estimate their risks of MCI/dementia, with analyses further stratified by age (< 75 years versus ≥ 75 years; based on median-split).ResultsCompared to those without SCD (in the first-four annual visits), Intermittent SCD (i.e., reported in 1-2 of the first-four annual visits) predicted a higher risk (HR 1.4) and Persistent SCD (i.e., reported in 3-4 of the first-four annual visits) predicted the highest risk (HR 2.2), with the results remaining significant even after adjusting for baseline SCD. Age-stratified analysis revealed that the risk associated with Intermittent SCD was only present in older individuals, while risk related to Persistent SCD was consistently present across the younger and older age groups. Age compounded the effects of the trajectories, whereby older individuals with Persistent SCD had > 75% probability of developing MCI/dementia by 10 years, in contrast to < 25% probability by 10 years in younger individuals with No SCD.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate the utility of SCD trajectories-especially when used in combination with age strata-in identifying high-risk populations for preventive interventions and trials. They also suggest a potential modification in the current SCD criteria, with the inclusion of "persistent SCD over several years" as a feature of SCD plus.

Dataset Information

Depression, subjective cognitive decline, and the risk of neurocognitive disorders.

Publications

Depression, subjective cognitive decline, and the risk of neurocognitive disorders.

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