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Fracture failure of granite after varied durations of thermal treatment: an experimental study.

ABSTRACT: Energy extraction from nuclear materials produces high-level radioactive waste. In geological nuclear waste storage repositories, the decay of radioactive elements generates heat, exposing the reservoir rocks to high-temperature conditions for long periods. To explore the effects of these conditions, this study examines the ability of granite to resist fracturing after thermal treatment for 10 h, 10 days, 30 days and 60 days. The results show that the fracture toughness of the granite remained basically unchanged for up to 10 days of thermal treatment. After thermal treatment for 60 days, the mode I, mode II and mixed-mode (I + II) fracture toughness decreased by 15.39%, 18.09% and 15.17%, respectively, compared with samples heated for 10 h. The change trends of the ability of granite to resist tensile, shear and mixed (tensile + shear) failure with an increased thermal treatment duration were basically consistent. Moreover, there was little change in its brittle fracturing characteristics with an increase in heating duration. Changes caused to the internal microstructure of the granite by high temperature were ongoing even up to 60 days.

SUBMITTER: Feng G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6689599 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fracture failure of granite after varied durations of thermal treatment: an experimental study.

Feng Gan G Kang Yong Y Wang Xiao-Chuan XC

Royal Society open science 20190703 7

Energy extraction from nuclear materials produces high-level radioactive waste. In geological nuclear waste storage repositories, the decay of radioactive elements generates heat, exposing the reservoir rocks to high-temperature conditions for long periods. To explore the effects of these conditions, this study examines the ability of granite to resist fracturing after thermal treatment for 10 h, 10 days, 30 days and 60 days. The results show that the fracture toughness of the granite remained b ...[more]

PMID: 31417721

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Project description:This study illustrated the physiological and psychological effects of watching videos of different durations showing bamboo forests with varied structures. Physiological indicators, including EEG (electroencephalogram), blood pressure, skin conductance, and pulse, were monitored in 180 Chinese university students (mean age: 20.72 ± 2.56 years) while they were watching bamboo videos. Before and after watching the videos, their psychological indicators, including positive and negative moods, were measured using the Profile of Mood States questionnaire. After watching the bamboo videos of different durations, all of the physiological indicators responded to the stimulation after only 1 min. The indicators showed different trends at 1, 3 and 5 min. EEG decreased and then was maintained at a stable level after 1 min, and the high ?, low ?, and ? waves had no significant differences between 1, 3 and 5 min. Blood pressure dropped to a stable state after 3 min, and the decline was significantly different greater after 3 min than after 1 min. Skin conductance increased for 1 to 5 min, and it did not stabilize after a long time (5 min). Pulse decreased after 1 min but increased after 5 min. After watching the videos with bamboo of varying structures, the physiological and psychological indicators showed significantly different changes. Skin conductance significantly increased (mean value: 6.78%), and the amount of sweat was more effectively reduced, thereby reducing tension, when the students viewed videos of sympodial bamboo forests compared with monopodial bamboo forests. Bamboo forests with a higher canopy density (0.83-0.85) could significantly decrease ? waves (mean value: 1.50 Hz), relaxing the human body. High ? and low ? waves showed greater decreases, with tension reduced more effectively, when bamboo forests with a low tilt ratio (< 1.5%) were viewed. Bamboo forests with neat undergrowth could have more beneficial physiological and psychological effects on the human body.

Dataset Information

Fracture failure of granite after varied durations of thermal treatment: an experimental study.

Publications

Fracture failure of granite after varied durations of thermal treatment: an experimental study.

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