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Psychosis risk is associated with decreased resting-state functional connectivity between the striatum and the default mode network.

ABSTRACT: Psychosis is linked to aberrant salience or to viewing neutral stimuli as self-relevant, suggesting a possible impairment in self-relevance processing. Psychosis is also associated with increased dopamine in the dorsal striatum, especially the anterior caudate (Kegeles et al., 2010). Critically, the anterior caudate is especially connected to (a) the cortical default mode network (DMN), centrally involved in self-relevance processing, and (b) to a lesser extent, the cortical frontoparietal network (FPN; Choi, Yeo, & Buckner, 2012). However, no previous study has directly examined striatal-cortical DMN connectivity in psychosis risk. In Study 1, we examined resting-state functional connectivity in psychosis risk (n = 18) and control (n = 19) groups between (a) striatal DMN and FPN subregions and (b) cortical DMN and FPN. The psychosis risk group exhibited decreased connectivity between the striatal subregions and the cortical DMN. In contrast, the psychosis risk group exhibited intact connectivity between the striatal subregions and the cortical FPN. Additionally, recent distress was also associated with decreased striatal-cortical DMN connectivity. In Study 2, to determine whether the decreased striatal-cortical DMN connectivity was specific to psychosis risk or was related to recent distress more generally, we examined the relationship between connectivity and distress in individuals diagnosed with nonpsychotic emotional distress disorders (N = 25). In contrast to Study 1, here we found that distress was associated with evidence of increased striatal-cortical DMN connectivity. Overall, the present results suggest that decreased striatal-cortical DMN connectivity is associated with psychosis risk and could contribute to aberrant salience.

SUBMITTER: Hua JPY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6690819 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Psychosis risk is associated with decreased resting-state functional connectivity between the striatum and the default mode network.

Hua Jessica P Y JPY Karcher Nicole R NR Merrill Anne M AM O'Brien Kathleen J KJ Straub Kelsey T KT Trull Timothy J TJ Kerns John G JG

Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience 20190801 4

Psychosis is linked to aberrant salience or to viewing neutral stimuli as self-relevant, suggesting a possible impairment in self-relevance processing. Psychosis is also associated with increased dopamine in the dorsal striatum, especially the anterior caudate (Kegeles et al., 2010). Critically, the anterior caudate is especially connected to (a) the cortical default mode network (DMN), centrally involved in self-relevance processing, and (b) to a lesser extent, the cortical frontoparietal netwo ...[more]

PMID: 30756347

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Project description:BackgroundFibromyalgia (FM) is a disabling chronic pain syndrome with unknown pathophysiology. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies on FM have suggested altered brain connectivity between the insula and the default mode network (DMN). However, this connectivity change has not been characterized through direct neural signals for exploring the embedded spectrotemporal features and the pertinent clinical relevance.MethodsWe recorded the resting-state magnetoencephalographic activities of 28 patients with FM and 28 age- and sex-matched controls, and analyzed the source-based functional connectivity between the insula and the DMN at 1-40 Hz by using the minimum norm estimates and imaginary coherence methods. We also measured the connectivity between the DMN and the primary visual (V1) and somatosensory (S1) cortices as intrapatient negative controls. Connectivity measurement was further correlated with the clinical parameters of FM.ResultsCompared with the controls, patients with FM reported more tender points (15.2±2.0 vs. 5.9±3.7) and higher total tenderness score (TTS; 29.1±7.0 vs. 7.7±5.5; both p < 0.001); they also had decreased insula-DMN connectivity at the theta band (4-8 Hz; left, p = 0.007; right, p = 0.035), but displayed unchanged V1-DMN and S1-DMN connectivity (p > 0.05). When patients with FM and the controls were combined together, the insula-DMN theta connectivity was negatively correlated with the number of tender points (left insula, r = -0.428, p = 0.001; right insula, r = -0.4, p = 0.002) and TTS score (left insula, r = -0.429, p = 0.001; right insula, r = -0.389, p = 0.003). Furthermore, in patients with FM, the right insula-DMN connectivity at the beta band (13-25 Hz) was negatively correlated with the number of tender points (r = -0.532, p = 0.004) and TTS (r = -0.428, p = 0.023), and the bilateral insula-DMN connectivity at the delta band (1-4 Hz) was negatively correlated with FM Symptom Severity (left: r = -0.423, p = 0.025; right: r = -0.437, p = 0.020) and functional disability (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire; left: r = -0.415, p = 0.028; right: r = -0.374, p = 0.050).ConclusionsWe confirmed the frequency-specific reorganization of the insula-DMN connectivity in FM. The clinical relevance of this connectivity change may warrant future studies to elucidate its causal relationship and potential as a neurological signature for FM.

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Psychosis risk is associated with decreased resting-state functional connectivity between the striatum and the default mode network.

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Psychosis risk is associated with decreased resting-state functional connectivity between the striatum and the default mode network.

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